Wind Atlas for Egypt: measurements, micro and mesoscale modelling

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Wind Atlas for Egypt measurements, micro- and
mesoscale modelling

• Niels G. Mortensen, Jake Badger J. Carsten
  Hansen
• Wind Energy Department
• Risø National Laboratory

2006 EWEC 1 March 2006
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Acknowledgements

• The Wind Atlas for Egypt is the result of a
  team effort
• New and Renewable Energy Authority, Cairo
• Laila Georgy Youssef (PM), Usama Said Said,
  Ashour Abd El-Salam Moussa, Mohammad Akmal
  Mahmoud
• Egyptian Meteorological Authority, Cairo
• Ahmed El Sayed Yousef (PM), Adel Mahmoud Awad,
  Mahmoud Abd-El Raheem Ahmed, Mohamed A.M. Sayed,
  Mohamed Hussein Korany, Metwally Abd-El Baky
  Tarad
• Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde
• Bo H. Jørgensen, Charlotte B. Hasager, Uwe S.
  Paulsen, Ole F. Hansen, Karen Enevoldsen
• Funding provided by NREA, EMA and Danida
• Support provided by NREA, EMA and Risø staff

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Wind Atlas for Egypt overview

• Meteorological measurements
• Design and installation of 22 met. stations
• Site selection, OM and data analysis
• Rehabilitation and recalibration of anemometers
• Micro-scale modelling (WAsP)
• Terrain descriptions for 30 met. station sites
• WAsP modelling of 30 met. stations sites
• Meso-scale modelling (KAMM)
• NCEP/NCAR wind climatologies
• Terrain descriptions for all of Egypt
• KAMM modelling of Egypt and 4 regions
• Verification measurements and models
• Compilation and publication of Wind Atlas for
  Egypt

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Meteorological mast in Zafarana
25-m lattice tower, concrete foundation
Top-pole mounting to avoid flow distortion
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Hurghada Cup Anemometer Calibration Facility
10 anemometers being calibrated reference
anemometer in middle position
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Microscale modelling

• Analysis procedure ? (WAsP)
• Observed Wind Climate
• sheltering obstacles
• roughness map (GE, SWBD)
• elevation map (SRTM 3)
• Regional Wind Climate
• Application procedure ? (WAsP)
• Regional Wind Climate
• sheltering obstacles
• roughness map
• elevation map
• Predicted Wind Climate
• power and thrust curves
• Predicted wind farm AEP

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Katamaya elevation map from SRTM 3 data

• 20?20 km with 10-m contours
• 2?2 km with 1-m contours

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Alexandria roughness map from Google Earth
SRTM Water BodyData coastline
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Egyptian regional wind climates

• 30 met. stations
• WAsP modelling
• Graph shows RWC
• Mean wind speedand power density 50 m a.g.l.
• Flat, uniform terrain with z0 0.03 m
• Output format WAsP .lib file
• Weibull A and k
• Standard heights
• Standard z0

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Gulf of Suez regional wind climates

• Graph shows RWC
• Mean wind speedand power density 50 m a.g.l.
• Flat, uniform terrain with z0 0.03 m

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Probably the best wind farm site in the world
Hub height 50 m U gt 11 ms-1 P gt 1100 Wm-2 CF
70 FLH 6000 h 100s of km2
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Mesoscale modelling

• KAMM modelling
• NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data
• roughness map (GLCC)
• elevation map (GTOPO30)
• KAMM Predicted Wind Climate
• Inverse application procedure
• KAMM Predicted Wind Climate
• terrain descriptions
• Regional Wind Climate
• Application procedure ? (WAsP)
• Regional Wind Climate
• terrain descriptions
• Predicted Wind Climate
• power and thrust curves
• Predicted wind farm AEP

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New wind resource map of Egypt

• Map shows PWC
• KAMM modelling
• Resolution 7.5 km
• Mean wind speed50 m a.g.l. ms-1
• NCEP/NCAR data
• GTOPO30 elevation
• GLCC land cover
• Terrain features may give higher wind speeds
  locally!
• Output formats
• map graphics
• statistics

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and Egyptian offshore wind resources

• Map shows PWC
• KAMM modelling
• Resolution 7.5 km
• Mean wind speed50 m a.g.l. ms-1

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Regional wind climate

• Map shows RWC
• Wind climate over flat, uniform terrain
• KAMM modelling
• Resolution 7.5 km
• Mean wind speed50 m a.g.l. ms-1
• Database of RWCs
• Output format WAsP .lib file
• Weibull A and k
• Standard heights
• Standard z0s

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Verification Western Desert
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Verification Gulf of Suez
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Verification summary
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Wind Farm Planning
Wind Atlas for Egypt
Bird Migration Atlas
Legislation
Maps other data
EIA GUIDELINES APPROVALS
Master plans
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The future

• Numerical wind atlas (KAMM/WAsP)
• Long-term data (1968-95) infrequent updating ok
• Observational wind atlas
• Some reference met. stations should continue
• New measurement programmes may be initiated
• Cup anemometers must be rehabilitated and
  recalibrated
• Databases can be updated and extended
• Wind Atlas for Egypt can be updated
• Conclusions
• wind ressource assessment, siting and wind farm
  planning can now be done within hours anywhere in
  Egypt
• present approach to wind resource assessment and
  siting in Egypt may be continued for several years