HLTH 2001 Human Nutrition

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HLTH 2001Human Nutrition

• GI Prac report
• Guidelines

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Setting Out

• University cover page
• Plus Separate Cover Page
• Your Name
• Course name
• Course code (HLTH 2001)
• Report Title

3
Setting out

• SINGLE-sided printing
• No less than 12 point font size
• Font Times new Roman
• Double-line spaced
• 2.54cm left right margins

4
DOs and DONTs

• DO NOT use personal pronouns (us, we, me,
  mine, I, you, our)
• Write in 3rd person
• WRONG WAY example
• my blood glucose response to the foods we ate
  were..
• CORRECT WAY example
• the blood glucose responses to the foods
  consumed were

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DOs and DONTs

• DO use References in the text
• EVERY time a statement of fact or theory is made,
  cite the relevant Reference at the end of the
  sentence or even during the sentence if more than
  one statement is being made in a single sentence.
• DO NOT make several statements in several
  sentences then cite the Reference at the end of
  the paragraph.
• List references in ALPHABETICAL ORDER at the end
  of the report

6
DOs and DONTs

• put Tables and Figures in the RESULTS section.
• Raw data (eg. pooled results) should be in the
  Appendix or Appendices (plural)
• Give the Appendix an overall Title OR give each
  separate Appendix a Title
• Create shorter versions of the raw data as tables
  and figures for the results section

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DOs and DONTs

• Call the tables TABLES and give each a title.
• Table 1. Blood Glucose responses to Jelly
  Beans-Exercise group

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DOs and DONTs

• Call the charts/graphs FIGURES and give each a
  title.

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Introduction

• Write the Introduction mainly in present tense
• Background about what Glycaemic Index is
• Do not just quote a definition
• EXPLAIN it (and reference it)
• Do not copy a definition directly from the
  reference
• Paraphrase it (see Harvard Guidelines)
  Reference it
• source more than one paper or book
• use WORDS rather than graphs or diagrams in the
  Introduction
• Do NOT use dot points write a proper sentence
• 1-2 paragraphs

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Introduction cont..

• Describe how Glycaemic Index was developed
• scientific work that went into developing it
• cite more then one reference
• compare it with Simple vs Complex CHO
• 1-2 paragraphs

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Introduction cont..

• Describe what Glycaemic Index is used for
• PRACTICAL uses
• general nutrition applications
• dietary management of Diabetes
• Sports nutrition
• other practical uses (eg. Obesity management?)
• BRIEF paragraph on each

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Introduction cont..

• AIM of the practical/report
• This part is in PAST TENSE
• one short paragraph
• LAST paragraph of Intro
• NOT a description of WHAT you did
• describe WHY the practical was done
• what it set out to demonstrate

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Methods

• Use the sub-headings provided
• Write in past tense
• you are telling the reader what you DID (past
  tense) in the experiment
• Do NOT use dot points write in proper sentences
• Experimental design
• brief overview
• Subjects
• describe
• Blood sampling
• HOW it was done
• a summary ONLY
• sampling times (a table is GOOD)

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Methods cont..

• FOODS consumed
• how much
• CHO content
• their respective Glycaemic Index
• WORDS rather than tables

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Methods cont..

• Exercise
• TYPE
• DURATION
• INTENSITY how it was measured
• Statistics
• No need to do statistics on this data
  descriptive will do
• If you WANT to do stats, a simple T-test will
  suffice

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Methods cont..

• Methods should tell HOW an experiment was done
• so that it can be replicated
• so that the validity of the experiment can be
  compared with other experiments
• should NOT explain WHY
• should NOT give background info or results

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Results

• Results are written in PAST TENSE
• telling the reader what Results you found after
  you did the experiment
• DESCRIBE the results in WORDS
• make it interesting without making value
  judgements
• do NOT use flowery adjectives (eg. A huge
  amount enormously larger.)
• ONLY use the word significant if stats have
  been done show a significant difference
• up to YOU to do the stats if you want to
• (not compulsory)
• can write up as a DESCRIPTIVE report

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Results cont..

• Use pictures to make it interesting
• include TABLES FIGURES (graphs, diagrams)
• Do NOT present the same data as a Table AND a
  Figure
• Present as EITHER a Table OR a Figure
• only the MEANS of each column of data
• NOT the raw data given to you (this is for the
  Appendix)
• give each Table Figure a TITLE
• show significant difference (where applicable)
  with asterisks () or other symbols

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Discussion

• Discussion should mainly be in PAST TENSE
• when describing your results
• Use discretion with tense if it sounds right,
  then use the appropriate tense
• Discussion
• ONLY Discuss the RESULTS REPORTED
• Refer to the relevant Table or Figure from the
  Results when discussing their data
• DO NOT introduce information that was not
  reported in the Results section
• DO NOT use data presented in the Appendix
• DO NOT use dot points in the text, write in
  sentences.

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Discussion

• Opening paragraph should re-iterate the AIMS of
  the experiment
• do not write a lengthy Discussion - be concise
  say only what is RELEVANT
• DISCUSS as if you were trying to convince your
  friend about your discovery!

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Discussion

• COMPONENTS
• present principles (from Results)
• effects of different GI foods on glycaemic
  response at rest
• effects of different GI foods on glycaemic
  response during and after exercise

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Discussion - components cont..

• present relationships (from Results)
• same effects on control exercise glycaemic
  response for BOTH low GI foods?
• Same effect on control exercise glycaemic
  response for BOTH high GI foods?

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Discussion - components cont..

• Present generalizations too
• effects of exercise on glycaemic response
  generally
• effects of high low GI foods on exercise
  performance (not measured in Results but worth
  commenting on
• - CITE REFERENCES!!

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Discussion - components cont..

• Point out any exceptions
• NEVER try to cover up or fudge data to fit the
  story.
• Show how your results interpretations agree
  with previously published work (or not, as the
  case may be)
• Use REFERENCES
• see papers in the e-reader in the GI prac folder
  (navigation bar of home page)
• use textbooks

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Discussion - components cont..

• Dont be shy
• discuss theoretical implications of your results
• discuss any practical applications of your
  results (eg. use of high or low GI foods before
  exercise)

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Conclusions

• state your CONCLUSIONS clearly
• eg. low GI foods are best before exercise
  because.
• others!!!!!!

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References

• 1. Miller, J., Foster-Powell, K., Colagiuri, D.
  Leeds, D. (1998).
• The G.I. Factor The Glycaemic Index solution.
  
• 2. Foster-Powell, K. Brand Miller, J. (1995).
• International Tables of Glycaemic Index
• American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 62,
  871S-93S
• 3. Walberg-Rankin, J. (1997).
• Glycemic Index and Exercise Metabolism
• Gatorade Sports Science Exchange, 10(1), 1-14

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References

• 4. Kalergis, M., Pacaud, D. Yale, J-F. (1998)
• Attempts to control the glycemic response to
  carbohydrate in Diabetes mellitus Overview and
  practical implications.
• Canadian Journal of Diabetes Care, 22(1), 20-29.
• 5. Ludwig, D.S. (2000)
• Dietary Glycaemic Index and Body Weight
  Regulation
• Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of
  Australia, 24, 286-291