The Art of Public Speaking

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The Art of Public Speaking

• Jonathan A. Gaev, M.S.E.Turkish Students
  Association Drexel UniversityFebruary 17, 2009
  

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MY EXPERIENCE

• Hundreds of presentations
• TV, Radio, Congressional Testimony
• Worked in over 24 countries
• Made presentations in 4 languages
• I have the same problems as you do!

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My Motivation

• I am convinced that public speaking is the single
  most important skill for helping you advance in
  your career.
  
• I am sure that everyone can learn to be a good
  speaker if they follow a very simple method.

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BENEFITS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

• Help Yourself-by learning how to organize your
  thoughts.
  
• Help Yourself-by being known as the expert.
• Help Others-by teaching them what you know.

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INTRODUCTION

• Public speaking is an important part of American
  education and culture

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THE POINT

• YOU CAN LEARN THE METHOD TO PREPARE AND DELIVER A
  GOOD SPEECH!

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OUTLINE

• Typical problems.
• How to know what to say.
• How to say it.
• Putting it all together.
• Examples.
• Special considerations when you arent speaking
  in your native language.

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Mavi Yolculuk-Nefis!
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Typical problems

• Im afraid!
• English isnt my native language.
• I have an accent.
• I dont know what to say.
• I just cant get the words out.
• The audience will be bored.
• I dont know how to put together a presentation.

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Two steps to public speaking.

• DECIDE WHAT TO SAY.If you dont know what to
  say it doesnt matter how well you say it.
  
• SAY IT.(It helps to have a plan!)

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How do you prepare your speeches Mr. Lincoln?

• I spend two thirds of my thinking about what the
  audience wants to hear and one-third on what I
  want to say
  

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How to know what to say.

• Know your audience!
• Who are they?
• How do you speak to those types of people?
• What do they need or want to hear?
• Whats in it for them?
• How long will you speak?1 idea 20 minutes

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The secret to a successful speech

• Answer this question!What can you say based on
  YOUR experience?
  
• Another way to say itChange the problem that
  you have into one that you can solve.

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YOUR Experience

• Think about the personal experiences you have
  that are related to what the audience needs to
  know.
  
• By speaking from YOUR experience you will be
  enthusiastic and confident. That keeps the
  audience interested.

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How different people can use their experience to
speak about a laptop computer

• Business Traveler Describes how the size and
  weight of the computer make it easy to use on an
  airplane.
  
• Parent Explains that it is durable and easy for
  children to use. Great for games.
  
• Child Tells how easy it is to put in a CD and
  play a game.
  
• Engineer Talks about how the microprocessor
  chip makes it handle graphics quickly.

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OUTLINE

• Typical problems.
• How to know what to say.
• How to say it.
• Putting it all together.
• Examples.
• Special considerations when you arent speaking
  in your strongest language.

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HOW TO SAY IT(Aristotle 4 B.C.)

• ETHOS
• PATHOS
• LOGOS

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Gelistirilmis Versiyon
Ne mutlu Türküm diyene

• Inandiricilik
• Duygu
• Mantik

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Step 1 ETHOS

• Establish trust.
• No one will believe you if they dont trust you!
  
  
• Establish credibility by statingEducation,
  Experience and Results.
  

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ETHOS-ExampleTopic The benefits of exercise

• I am a Biomedical Engineer with a Masters Degree
  from the University of Pennsylvania.
  
• I study exercise.
• (Personal experience). I exercise 4 times a
  week.
  
• I lost 15 pounds and lowered my cholesterol by
  10 in 6 months.
  

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Step 2 PATHOS

• Recognize emotions!
• People first make decisions based on emotion and
  justify them LATER with logic.
  
• Make an emotional connection with the audience.

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PATHOS-ExampleTopic The benefits of exercise

• Not easy to find the time to exercise.
• Not easy to make an exercise routine.
• What I did to motivate myselfThought of the
  benefits of looking better.Thought of the
  benefits of feeling better.Thought of people I
  knew who became ill.

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Step 3 LOGOS

• The logical argument.
• Last step-NEVER begin here! You must first get
  the audiences attention with ethos and pathos.
  
• Start with the point then back it up simply.
• That which does not add-detracts.
• This is only 1/3 of what is required to
  communicate effectively.

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LOGOS-ExampleTopic The benefits of exercise

• Exercise leads to better health.
• Cardiovascular System Aerobic exerciseimproves
  cardiac performance.
  
• Muscular and Skeletal Systems Resistance
  ExerciseIncreases bone mass.Increases muscle
  strength and tone.

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OUTLINE

• Typical problems.
• How to know what to say.
• How to say it.
• Putting it all together.
• Examples.
• Special considerations when you arent speaking
  in your strongest language.

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Putting it all together

• Write out The Point (one sentence).
• Remember Ethos, Pathos, Logos
• OutlineTell em what youre going to tell
  em.Tell em.Tell em you told em.
  

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Putting it all together

• Prepare to be nervous-write the introduction and
  the conclusion.(But DONT write out the entire
  talk!)
  
• Practice-Make sure your talk takes the right
  amount of time (this also reduces nervousness).

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Putting it all together

• What you leave out of your talk will be the most
  important decision you make.(Most people try to
  say too much)
  
• Prepare for questions and answers.
• Give yourself time to do a good job!

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Professional Tips

• Have a biography ready, send it in advance and
  bring it with you (2 copies).
  
• Send your talk in advance-confirm format (bring
  it with you-electronic and print version).
  
• Ask the organizer about the audience and about
  previous talks.
  
• Arrive early and get familiar with the room.

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Professional Tips

• Be prepared to shorten your talk.
• If you are speaking on a panel-find out about the
  other speakers.
  
• If you are part of a conference, get a list of
  the other talks.
  
• The less text-the better.
• Graphics and video are nice, but dont let them
  distract from your message.

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Professional Tips

• Question and Answer SessionRepeat the question
  and confirm if necessary.Do not accept the
  premise of the question if you dont agree with
  it.

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Professional TipsTranslated Talks

• Arrive early, talk to the translators, give them
  2 extra copies of the talk, with notes regarding
  special vocabulary
  
• Speak slowly and pause frequently
• Repeat topics and concepts within the talk

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OUTLINE

• Typical problems.
• How to know what to say.
• How to say it.
• Putting it all together
• Examples.
• Special considerations when you arent speaking
  in your strongest language.

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Examples

• Testimony before the Senate Subcommittee.
• TV Show

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Special considerations when you arent speaking
in your strongest language

• Main Point Control everything that you can.
• Use written text to reinforce your message.
• Dont translate!!!
• Minimize the use of new vocabulary-but learn the
  specific words you need.
  

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Special Considerations

• Be very careful using colloquial expressions.
• If you need to establish a cultural connection,
  use elements that you personally know such as
  quotes from books you have read, movies you have
  seen or songs that you have heard.
• Have a well organized presentation.

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Special Considerations

• Simplify!
• Speak slowly.
• Practice your speech and check the time.
• Have a native speaker review your text and your
  overall speech.

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Special Considerations

• Recognize that you will make mistakes when you
  speak-have a plan (and maybe a joke).
  
• Be confident that people will really appreciate
  your efforts to speak their language, especially
  in America

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References

• Dale CarnegieHow to win friends and influence
  people.How to develop self confidence and
  influence people by public speaking.
  
• Malcolm Kushner Successful Presentations for
  Dummies

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References

• William Strunk Jr., Elements of Style
• www.wikihow.com (Prepare and give a speech)
• www.toastmasters.com
• http//www.school-for-champions.com

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Observations

• People admire a good speaker.
• Learning how to make good public presentations
  improves your communications skills and clarifies
  your thinking.
  
• Globalization and Mass Customization make the
  customer interface more important!

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Summary

• Figure out what to say by knowing your audience
  and speaking from your experience.
  
• Establish trust, make an emotional connection and
  present the information as simply as possible.
  
• These methods guarantee success.
• Everyone can be a good speaker!

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Iyi Sanslar!

• You are welcome to contact me anytime for help!
• Jonathan A. Gaevjgaev_at_yahoo.com

2009 Jonathan A. Gaev