The Age of Reform

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The Age of Reform

• Jacksonian Era Reform Movements

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Education
Communitarianism
THEME A response to changes in economics and
politics
Prisons/Asylums
Religion
Temperance
Womens Rights
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Education

• An educated population is essential to a
  democracy.
• Public school movement
• Horace Mann ? standards, consistency
• William McGuffey -- McGuffey Readers instill
  civic virtues
• Colleges
• New colleges UNC, UVA
• Women Mt. Holyoke Coed Oberlin
• Informal education libraries, Lyceum movt

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Prison/Asylum Reform

• Reflects a concern for the common man
• Rehab v. punishment as a goal
• Gaols become penitentiaries
• Dorothea Dix

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Temperance

• Alcohol abuse effects families workplace safety
• American Temperance Society
• Neal S. Dow / Maine Law (1851)

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Womens Rights

• Participatory democracy for whom? Universal male
  suffrage?
• Cult of Domesticity Catherine Beecher
• Early Feminists Mott, Stanton, Anthony, the
  Grimke Sisters
• Seneca Falls Convention
• Declaration of Rights and Sentiments

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Communitarianism

• Reactions against dog-eat-dog society and
  economic competition.
• New Harmony socialism
• Brook Farm transcendentalism / utopianism
• Oneida free love, complex marriage, eugenics,
  communism, and silverware!
• Shakers simple living, celibacy

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• The Oneida Community practiced eugenics or
  scientific breeding in which a special
  committee selected members of the community to
  breed children. In this image, children parade
  in front of their proud parents.

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Religion

• Second Great Awakening
• Emphasis on religion for the common man
• New religions (Methodism, Baptists, etc.)
  encouraged missionary activity / reform
• New faiths emerge, especially in the west
• Millerites
• Mormons

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• Cartoon satirizing the death of Brigham Young in
  1877

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