Week Eight

1
Week Eight

• Last Chapters and Capital Punishment

2
Today The last day!

• Everything due no later than April 3, 2006
• I will acknowledge email papers.
• To get papers back you need to see me in my
  office during office hours.
• Capital punishment
• Course evaluation

3
Today The last day!

• Course progress to date.
• Questions on final exam?
• Other issues?
• Finish with a short overview of course.

4
Chapter 17

• Crime, Criminals and Crime Control Policy Myths

5
Types of Crime

• White collar crime and the view of non-violence
  (Firestone?)
• Myth that some groups are more law abiding than
  others.
• Police are crime fighters.
• The Constitution keeps the police from being
  effective.
• The media adds to the myths.

6
Chapter 20

• Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

7
Human Subject Research

• Involving people in research without their
  knowledge.
• Coercing people to participate.
• Withholding the true nature of the research.
• Deceiving the participant.
• Leading the participant to commit acts that
  diminish their self-respect.

8
Human Subject Research

• Violating the right to self-determination.
• Exposing the research participants to physical or
  mental stress.
• Invading the privacy of the participant.
• Withholding benefits from participants in control
  groups.
• Failing to treat participants fairly and to show
  them respect.

9
Balancing Ethical Concerns

• Research that advances scientific theory.
• Advances in knowledge of practical value to
  society.
• Gains for the research participant.

10
Research Ethics and Research Funding A Case
Study of Easy Virtue

• Chapter 21

11
Thoughts

• When research contradicts public policy it may be
  ignored.
• Martinson wrote a research on what does not work
  and the media and policy makers used it to show
  that nothing works.
• Research funds are allocated where the government
  wants them allocated.

12
Research must be

• Objective
• Reviewed and read in context

13
Chapter 23

• Criminal Justice An Ethic for the future

14
Mindfulness

• We are all connected parents to children, guards
  to prisoners, offender to victims.
• Be more aware of our connectedness to others.

15
Order Keeping versus Peacekeeping

• Keeping the community orderly.
• Keeping the community peaceful.
• Law and justice - improvements.
• Policing - more diversity and representation of
  diversity
• Corrections - take care of all of the community.

16
End of Chapters
17
Ends and Means?

• What are some of the issues of using the end to
  justify the means?
• Break into groups three in each group and put
  together a list for class.
• Report back in ten minutes.

18
Ends and Means?

• Utilitarian Approach
• The end must itself be good.
• The means must be a plausible way to achieve the
  end.
• There must be no alternative, better means to
  achieve the same end.
• The means must not undermine some of other equal
  of greater end.

19
Thoughts on Ethics
What Else?
Peers
How Viewed by others
Impact on Family
Upbringing/Values
Religion

• Personal Beliefs/Morals

Professional Ethics/Standards/Rules
20
A Filter?

• Do we look at things through a filter?

21
Thoughts on Ethics
Worked Second Job
Bad Boss
Peers
Party last night

Mood
What Else?
Victim
How Viewed by others
End of Shift
Professional Ethics
Rules
Problems at home
Impact on Family
Marriage, Divorce
Religion
Upbringing
The new baby
22
So, what do we do?

• How do we know what is right and do what is
  right?

23
Another ethical framework

• Have you defined the problem accurately?
• How would you define the problem if you stood on
  the other side of the fence?
• How did the situation occur in the first place?

24
Another ethical framework

• 4. To whom and to what do you give your loyalty
  as a person and as a member of the corporation?
• What is your intention in making this decision?
• How does this intention compare with the probably
  result?

25
Another ethical framework

• Whom could your decision or action injure?
• Can you discuss the problem with the affected
  parties before you make your decision?
• Are you confident that your position will be as
  valid over a long period of time as it seems now?

26
Another ethical framework

• Could you disclose without qualms your decision
  or action to your boss, your CEO, the board of
  directors, your family, your society as a whole?
• What is the symbolic potential of your action if
  understood? If misunderstood?

27
Another ethical framework

• Under what conditions would you allow exceptions
  to your stand?
• (Nash, 1981)

28
The End