Collection of general data mining briefings

1
Trustworthy Semantic Web Lecture 13 Knowledge
Management E-Business Semantic Web Semantic
E-Business
Dr. Bhavani Thuraisingham

October 2, 3006
2
Outline of the Unit

• What is Knowledge Management?
• Basic concepts Components and Models
• Organizational Learning Process
• Knowledge Management Architecture
• Secure Knowledge Management and Trust Negotiation
• Knowledge Models
• Directions
• Integration of KM with E-Business and Semantic
  Web
• Topic for lecture 14

3
What is Knowledge Management

• Knowledge management, or KM, is the process
  through which organizations generate value from
  their intellectual property and knowledge-based
  assets
• KM involves the creation, dissemination, and
  utilization of knowledge
• Reference http//www.commerce-database.com/knowle
  dge-management.htm?sourcegoogle

4
Knowledge Management Components
Knowledge
Components of
Management
Components,
Cycle and
Technologies
Cycle
Technologies
Components
Knowledge, Creation
Expert systems
Strategies
Sharing, Measurement
Collaboration
Processes
And Improvement
Training
Metrics
Web
5
Knowledge Models

• Level 1 Highest Level
• Mental models utilized by psychologists
• Social models (e.g. social network models) used
  by sociologists
• Level 2 Mid-level
• Models utilized by expert systems
• Process modeling
• Level Bottom level
• Models understood by machines
• E.g., rule-based, frame-based, etc.

6
Organizational Learning Process
Incentives
Source Reinhardt and Pawlowsky
also see Tools in Organizational
Learning http//duplox.wz-berlin.de/oldb/forslin.h
tml
7
Six Principals of Effective Learning

• Effective Learning Requires
• Understanding
• 1) Mental models, paradigms, context,
  observation, assumptions, opinion, fact, truth
• 2) Systems Thinking - Variation
• Skills
• 3) Ability to challenge assumptions
• 4) Listen to Understand
• Process
• 5) Complete observe, assess (reflection, gain
  understanding), design (develop theory,
  prediction, vision), implement (test), cycle
• 6) Teach others

8
Knowledge Management Metrics - The Goal of
Metrics

• Measuring Success (How am I doing?)
• Benchmarking (How am I comparatively doing?)
• Tracking Improvement (Am I getting better?)
• Direct
• future investment (technology, employees)
• strategy
• alignment (culture, incentives)

One way to ensure your doing worse is to not
measure - Adapted from Pressman
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Learning By-Product Measures

• Papers in Competitive Journals and Magazines
• Percentage New Technology compared to all
  Technology
• Process Cycle Time
• Employee Surveys
• Involvement with decisions
• Recognition for work achieved
• Access to information
• Rewarding risk taking
• Overall Satisfaction
• Employee Retention
• Employee Suggestion Process

10
Knowledge Management Incentive-based Approaches

• Receiver
• Positive Incentives
• Knowledge Gained
• Can teach others what is learned

• Teacher
• Positive Incentives
• Knowledge Transfer Champion prestige
• Can improve knowledge

• Negative Incentives
• Time
• Unqualified teacher

• Negative Incentives
• Time
• Students not willing to learn

11
Knowledge Management Strategies, Processes,
Metrics and Tools
Knowledge Management Within and Across
Corporations and Agencies
Strategies e.g., Management Plans
Policies Data sharing vs. Privacy
Processes e.g., best practices
Tools e.g., Semantic Web
Metrics e.g., web usage
12
Knowledge Management Architecture
Knowledge Creation and Acquisition Manager
Knowledge Representation Manager
Knowledge Dissemination and Sharing Manager
Knowledge Manipulation Manager
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Knowledge Exchange AnnotationEngine (KEAN)

• Resides on any web-accessible knowledge base (any
  intranet, www)
• Increases incentive to share information
• Author gets positive and negative feedback about
  information that is submitted
• Feedback system - no more publishing documents
  that disappear into the ether
• Prestige - top rated document views
• Quality filters steer user towards best
  information
• Domain specific instances of KEAN are created
• Works with Java enabled browser

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The Three Versions of KEAN Architecture

• Version 1 beta version
• No reuse
• Two-tiered
• Stored procedures
• Version 2 newest version
• GUI reuse via JavaBeans
• Two-tiered
• JDBC access to database
• Version 3 final version
• Logic reuse via Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)
• Three-tiered
• CORBA access to objects

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Structure of Version 1 - Beta Version of KEAN
Stored Procedures (PL/SQL)
ORACLE WEB SERVER

• Html
• JavaScript
• Applets

• ORACLE

Thin http client
Database tier
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Structure of Version 2
Code reuse with a two tier architecture
JDBC
ORACLE WEB SERVER

• KeanBeans

• ORACLE

Thick client
Database tier
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Structure of Version 3
web Server

• KeanBeans

• RDBMSs
• and
• OODBMS

• CORBA ORB

• EJB

thin client
middle tier
server tier
18
Secure Knowledge Management

• Protecting the intellectual property of an
  organization
• Access control including role-based access
  control
• Security for process/activity management and
  workflow
• Users must have certain credentials to carry out
  an activity
• Composing multiple security policies across
  organizations
• Security for knowledge management strategies and
  processes
• Risk management and economic tradeoffs
• Digital rights management and trust negotiation

19
Trust Management and Negotiation

• Design a Trust Model
• Investigate the current trust models. Identify
  the inadequacies of current trust models and
  design a model for the semantic web/DIVO
• Components include trust management, trust
  negotiation as well as economic tradeoffs
• Design a Language for specifying Trust policies
• Start with XML, RDF and Web Rules language and
  incorporate features for trust management and
  negotiation
• Design and develop techniques for enforcing the
  trust policies
• Automated Trust Negotiation A attempts to access
  database D based on access control policies
  However before A can access D, triggers go off
  and owner of D exchanges credential information
  with A (

20
Knowledge Management for Coalitions
Knowledge for Coalition
Export
Export
Knowledge
Knowledge
Export
Knowledge
Component
Component
Knowledge for
Knowledge for
Agency A
Agency C
Component
Knowledge for
Agency B
21
Status and Directions

• Knowledge management has exploded due to the web
• Knowledge Management has different dimensions
• Technology, Business
• Tools are emerging
• Need effective partnerships between business
  leaders, technologists and policy makers
• Major direction is integrating E-Business
  processes and semantic web technologies for
  knowledge management

22
Semantic E-Business

• E-Business processes (e.g., order management,
  supply chain management, contracts management,
  workflow management)
• Service oriented architectures
• Apply semantic web technologies such as XML, RDF,
  Ontologies and RulesML to represent data and
  reason about the data for the e-business
  processes
• Results in effective knowledge management as
  organization is getting benefits
• The topic is called Semantic E-Business
• IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and
  Cybernetics, March 2006

23
Topic for Lecture 14

• Web Services and Service Oriented Architecture
• Definitions
• UDDI, SOAP, etc.
• SAML, XACML
• http//www.service-architecture.com/articles/index
  .html