Water Water Everywhere

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Water Water Everywhere!

• By Claire Bimes

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Water Molecules and Structure

• Go to this site to see the structure of water
  molecules.

• http//www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.html

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States of Water

• Go to this website to find out about the three
  states of matter that water can exist in.

• http//ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/cld/d
  vlp/wtr.rxml

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Adhesion and Cohesion

• Go to this website to find out what adhesion and
  cohesion is and how it relates to water and the
  world around us.

• http//www.uni.edu/iowawet/H2OProperties.html

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Physical and Chemical Properties of Water

• Interested in the physical properties of water?

• Intrigued by chemical properties?
• Go to this site to read more
• http//ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/waterproperties.html

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How Does Water Make Life Possible On Earth?

• Go to this website to find out how water
  properties make our wonderful world of water
  possible.

• http//www.umanitoba.ca.institues/fisheries/watern
  ot.html

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!Answer Key!
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Molecules and Structure

• The molecular formula for water is H2O. This
  means that there is 2 hydrogen atoms and one
  oxygen atom in every water molecule.
• The molecules of water are attracted to one
  another. Water is sticky because of this.
• The oxygen end of a water molecule is the
  negative charge.

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States of Water

• There are three states of water, solid (ice),
  liquid (water), and gas (water vapor.)
• Below freezing is solid. Between freezing and
  boiling is a liquid. Above boiling is a gas.
• The transformation from the solid state of water
  to the liquid state is called melting.
• Liquid to a gas is called Evaporation.

• Gas to liquid is condensation.
• Gas to solid is called Frost Formation.
• Solid to a Gas is called Sublimation.
• Liquid to a Solid is freezing.
• Water contracts until it is 4 degrees Celsius
  then expands until it is a solid
• Water is very unusual in that the solid state of
  water (ice) is less dense than the liquid state
  of water
• When you breath outside in cold weather the gas
  you see is water vapor.

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Adhesion, Cohesion, Surface Tension, and
Capillary Action

• Water is attracted to other water. This is
  called cohesion.
• Water can also be attracted to other substances.
  This is called adhesion.
• The hydrogen atoms of one water molecule are
  attracted to the oxygen atoms of another water
  molecule. This is what makes cohesion and
  adhesion.
• Surface tension is the cohesion of water
  molecules at the surface of water. For example,
  water is not attracted to wax paper, so water
  molecules pull together tightly on wax paper,
  making a drop of water. Water striders also use
  surface tension to their advantage.
• Surface tension is related to the cohesion of
  water molecules. Capillary action is related to
  the adhesion of water molecules. Adhesion do
  when water molecules are attracted to other
  substances.
• An example of this is when a straw is placed in
  water and the water climbs up the straw. The
  molecules are attracted to the straw and each
  other, so when one molecule moves closer to the
  straw, other molecules follow. This is limited
  by gravity and the size of the straw.
• Plants take advantage of Capillary action to pull
  water into themselves.

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Physical and Chemical Properties of Water

• Chemical Properties
• Chemical description is H2O.
• Water is called the universal solvent because it
  dissolves more substances than any other liquid.
• Wherever it goes, water takes along valuable
  chemicals, minerals, and nutrients.
• Waters pH is 7, neither acidic or basic.
• Physical Properties
• Water is the only natural substance in all three
  states at temperatures found on Earth
• Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit and and
  boils at 212 degrees F. This is at sea level. At
  14000 feet above sea level, it boils at 186.4
  degrees F.
• Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius and boils at
  100 degrees C.
• Water is very unusual in that the solid form
  (water) is less dense than its liquid form (ice).
  Waters density is 1g/ml.
• Water has a high heat index. This means that it
  can absorb a lot of heat before getting hot.

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How Do Water Properties Make Life Possible on
Earth?

• Water is crucial to all life. We drink, wash,
  fish, swim, and cook with it. Our bodies our
  mostly made up of water. If water didnt have a
  high heat index, then the water in our bodies
  would freeze as soon we stepped outside in cold
  weather.
• If ice wasnt less dense than water, causing it
  to float, then icebergs would be a the bottom of
  the ocean, killing various animal life that live
  on or around them. The small ponds we live
  around would freeze from the bottom up in the
  winter, killing all the fish in the pond.

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• Another one of waters properties is cohesion.
  Cohesion is the attraction of water molecules to
  themselves. This is what makes water drops.
  Without cohesion, water would not exist in drops.
  
• Water is fundamental to star formation.
• Water is used for a coolant in car radiators.
  Without it, it would be much harder to keep our
  cars cool and functioning properly.
• The temperature in between seasons changes
  gradually. This is because of water's high heat
  index. Without this property of water, it might
  be hard for life non earth to deal with the
  sudden change of seasons, such as animals
  adapting to their environment.
• Manufacturer's that make frozen foods or foods
  with water in them know to leave space in their
  container because when water freezes it expands.
• Water is used in energy systems such as water
  wheels. This can be used for a major source of
  our worlds energy.
• Water has a very high surface tension and it is
  sticky and elastic. This allows it to move
  through roots of plants and our blood vessels.
  You can easily see how water is sticky if you
  hold a string at a 45 degree angle. Pour some
  water on the string and watch as it sticks to the
  string and runs down it.