WOMEN SCIENCE SEE

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WOMEN SCIENCE SEE Gender Perspective in
Education and Science Policies Suzana
Ignjatovic Ministry of Education and Sports of
Republic of Serbia Sofia 21-22 October 2004
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Policy tools for achieving gender equality in
Serbia

• Mandate - Council of Gender Equality
• Capacity building - Gender Focal Points in
  Municipalities
• Quotas in Parliament (30)
• Legislation Law against discrimination (of
  women?) is to be enacted
• Vojvodina - pace-maker in gendering policy
  Secretariat for Labor, Employment and Gender
  Equality Gender Equality Council Decision of
  provincial ombudsperson Declaration on Gender
  Equality Decision on Gender Equality Decision
  on Institute for Gender Equality

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Science policy - funding
2,5
Investment (mil din)
5000
of Public Budget
2
of GDP
4000
1,5
3000
1
2000
0,5
1000
0
godina
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RESEARCHERS
PROJECTS
6737
548
HEM
HEM
JK
JK
MED
GNA
GNA
16,3
MED
16,5
3,4
3,7
5,2
16,0
5,1
17,7
IAE
IAE
7,4
7,3
7,0
9,3
14,7
12,4
MM
MM
13,9
11,9
BIO
16,2
15,9
BIO
FIZ
FIZ
MONTHS
DN
DN
FINANCES
38555
1.338 mil dinars
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Indicators of womens status in science

• Academic staff
• of women among academic staff full and
  associate 33.3, assist. 48.85
• of women among academic staff by field of
  science ?
• of women among academic staff by grade ?
• Feminisation ratio among senior academic staff ?

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Indicators of womens status in science

• Applicants and beneficiaries of research funding
• Women applicants and beneficiaries of funding ?
• Women beneficiaries of funding 38.43
• Women applicants and beneficiaries of funding by
  field of science, 67 basic research and 33
  tecnological development
• Funding success rate for women and men by field
  of science ?

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Indicators of womens status in science

• Scientific boards
• Women members of scientific boards ?
• Women leaders of scientific boards ?

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Gender equity in science key issues

• Education policy detecting the gaps
• Lack of HRD planning in general
• Self-discrimination
• Feminisation of scientific fields
• Women and power in academic institutions
• Marketization of science
• Scarce social capital
• Closure, exclusiveness, elitism in science

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Step No1 - Gender policy in education detecting
the gap genesis

• PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION (2003) Gender Parity Index
  (GPI) 0.95
• PRIMARY EDUCATION
• - GPI 0.95 (2003)
• - Repetition rates slightly higher for boys
• - Drop-out rates 1 (unknown for
  disadvantaged groups)
• SECONDARY EDUCATION
• - GPI 1.03
• - Segregation of profiles (textile
  industry, services, natural sciences,
  mathematics, economics, law, administration)
  2/3 to 3/4 are girls
• TERTIARY EDUCATION
• - Percantage of women graduates technical
  sciences 34.06, social sciences and humanities
  72.56, medical sciences 63.43, biotechnology
  44.26, natural sciences and mathematics 71.43,
  art 61.3
• - Average - 60.85 of graduates are women

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Step No1 - Gender policy in education
mechanisms

• Capacity building to deal with gender
  discrimination
• Sensitizing statistics
• Curriculum Civic education
• Textbooks still there is implicit
  discrimination, but awareness has been raised
• Affirmative action for disadvantaged groups
  (Roma, IDP, refugees, the poor)
• LLL paradigm