C H A P T E R

1
2
C H A P T E R
Neuromuscular Anatomy and Adaptations to
Conditioning
Robert T. Harris and Gary Dudley
2
Chapter Outline
?Neuromuscular anatomy and physiology
?Motor unit recruitment patterns during exercise
?Proprioception
?Neuromuscular adaptations to exercise
3
Twitch, Twitch Summation, and Tetanus of a Motor
Unit
(a) Single twitch, (b) force resulting from
summation of two twitches, (c) unfused tetanus,
and (d) fused tetanus.
4
?
Motor units are composed of muscle fibers with
morphological and physiological characteristics
that determine their functional capacity.
5
Table 2.2 Relative Involvement of Muscle Fiber
Types in Sport Events
6
?
The force output of a muscle can be varied by
changing the number of activated motor units or
by changing the frequency of activation of
individual motor units.
7
?
Proprioceptors are specialized sensory receptors
that provide the central nervous system with
information needed to maintain muscle tone and
perform complex coordinated movements.
8
Muscle Spindle
9
Golgi TendonOrgan
10
Table 2.3 Major Adaptations to Resistance Versus
Aerobic Endurance Training
11
?
Adaptations to resistance training are specific
to the type of exercise performed. Moreover,
resistance training has no meaningful impact on
aerobic power.
12
?
Although aerobic endurance training increases
aerobic power, it does not enhance muscle
strength or size. In fact, intense aerobic
endurance training can actually compromise the
benefits of resistance training.