Extending ODRL to Enable BiDirectional Communication

1
Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional
Communication

• Alapan Arnab
• Andrew Hutchison

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Agenda

• Introduction
• Design Motivations
• Extensions
• Example

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Introduction

• RELs essentially allow for the expression of
  contract terms
• All current RELs have a an uni-directional
  expression from rights holder to the end user
• Thus, this does not allow for the full power that
  is achieved through a negotiated process

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RMS Example

• Tom creates a document for Jill and protects it
  with RMS
• Can only be read and edited by Jill
• Time limit of a week
• If Jill requires an extension,
• Tom needs to rewrite the rules
• Resend the protected document back to Jill

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• the assumption of a one-way expression of rights
  has in part led to the current deficiencies in
  the REL XrML Mulligan et al. 2002

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Design Motivations

• Need to use external control sets
• Object separated from license (super
  distribution)
• Use a request response model

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New Functions Breakdown

• License Server Functions
• Keep track of extensions
• Negotiation algorithms
• AI for negotiating complex licenses
• DRM Controller Functions
• Keep track of updated use licenses

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Three Negotiation Elements

• Request (from the user)
• Deny Request (from the rights holder)
• Accept Request (from the rights holder)

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Three Request Elements

• Add
• Remove
• Replace

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Schema Diagrams
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Schema Diagrams Continued
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Putting it all together

• Chosen to extend the rightsType element
• Could have used other element, eg. negType
• Our opinion this is more elegant

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Example

• Use scenario 2 from the ODRL 1.1 specs
• Mary Smith (consumer) buys an e-book Why Cats
  Sleep and We Dont
• Rights
• Single CPU
• Print 2 times
• Suppose Mary Smith is a journalist, and would
  like to write a thorough review
• Want to excerpt pictures from various parts of
  e-book
• Example essentially a case of fair use
• Will also use an extension from an unpublished
  work

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Initial Request

• urnebook.world/999999/license/123
  4567890-ABCDEF
• 3
• 56

• urnebook.world/999999/users/msm
  th-000111
• Mary Smith

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Rejection

• urnebook.world/999999/license/TRA
  NS-0101
• 3
• 56

• urnebook.world/999999/users/msm
  th-000111
• Mary Smith
• Excerption is only available with an academic,
  scholar or journalist credential. Furthermore, a
  maximum of 10 of the total protected work can be
  excerpted

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Counter Offer

• urnebook.world/999999/license/123
  4567890-ABCDEF
• urnebook.world/999999/license/123
  4567890-ABCDEF-01
• 3
• 13

• Journal
  ist
• Academi
  c
• Scholar
  
• urnebook.world/999999/users/msm
  th-000111
• Mary Smith

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Refined Request

• Journalist
• urnebook.world/999999/users/ms
  mth-00111
• Mary Smith

• urnebook.world/999999/licen
  se/1234567890-ABCDEF-01
• 3
• 4
• 16
• 18
• 56

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Request Accepted

• urnebook.world/999999/
• license/1234567890-ABCDEF
• urnebook.world/999999/
• license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01
• 3
• 4

• Journalist
• urnebook.world/999999/users/msmth-00011
  1
• Mary Smith

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Future Work/Work in Progress

• Aim to create a working prototype by end of
  September
• Part of a smaller sub-project
• Not yet too sure on AI aspect

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Conclusions

• Presented extensions to ODRL 1.1 for
  bi-directional support
• Enables negotiation between user and license
  server
• Allows for the negotiation of any part of an ODRL
  license
• Our opinion, this makes ODRL more complete
• Would like to see these extensions (or similar
  structures) in ODRL 2.0
• Extensions can also be done in other RELs like
  XrML (which we have also done)

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Questions

• Email aarnab_at_cs.uct.ac.za

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