Cell Structure

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Cell Structure

• Cells have specific features

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Cells Must Be Small
Virus
Bacteria (PROKARYOTE)
Us (EUKARYOTE)
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Compare bacteria cell to our cell
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What is Bacteria?

• Oldest life form
• Kingdom Monera
• Cell type is Prokaryote
• Grows on agar

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Their Negative Impact?
botulism

• Disease-causing
• Metabolize host
• Produce toxins

tuberculosis
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Bacterial Structures

• Flagella
• Pili
• Capsule
• Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Cell Wall

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Eukaryote Cell Structure
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Eukaryotes can be dangerous, too
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List the main differences

• Eukaryotes
• Roughly (if a spherical cell)           10 times
  the diameter          100 times the surface
  area        1000 times the volume of a
  prokaryote.
• DNA is in paired chromosomesDNA is in a nucleus
  contained in a membrane
• Larger ribosomes
• Contain additional structures such as
  Mitochondria        Chloroplasts that
  are "live-in" prokaryotes
• Have additional structures to help with
  cell organization and functioning

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• Prokaryotes
• About one tenth the size of a eukaryote  
• DNA is a loopDNA floats in the cytoplasm
• Small ribosomes
• some are anaerobic (poisoned by oxygen)some can
  live with oxygen or without itsome use oxygen
• have a lot of biochemical diversity

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What is a Virus?
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They are space ships carrying alien genetic
material.

• The ship is made of protein
• Inside is either DNA or RNA
• They invade our cells or bacterial cells and
  inject their DNA or RNA
• Then the hijacked cells make new viruses and die

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Yes, they can also be harmful

• Example Viral Infectious Diseases
• AIDS
• Chickenpox
• Common Cold
• Hepatitis
• Herpes simplex
• Infuenza
• Mononucleosis

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Cell Membranes are Selective Barriers