Community First Aid

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Community First Aid Safety

• Lesson 12

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Environmental injuries

• Heat is lost/gained 4 ways
• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation
• Evaporation
• Wind chill vs. heat index

3
Heat injuries

• Heat cramps
• Heat exhaustion
• Pale/cool/clammy skin
• weak/rapid pulse, dilated pupils
• Loss of coordination, sweating
• Not usually an emergency can lead to shock

• Heat stroke
• Red/hot/dry skin
• Vomiting, confusion, seizures
• Rapid pulse, vomiting
• Life-threatening emergency
• Body temp gt108 brain death

4
Cold injuries

• Hypothermia
• Body temperature lt 95
• Loss of coordination
• Shivering (that will eventually stop)
• Handle gently
• Frostbite
• Red or flushed skin may turn white or grey
• Blisters or flaking skin common
• Dont rub or allow to re-freeze

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Frostbite
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Other environmental injuries

• Drowning victim
• Dont enter water unless trained
• Throw something to them
• Follow ABCs
• Lightning victim
• Doesnt hold a charge
• Usually deaddo CPR
• Be wary for more lightning or worse

7
Insect and animal bites/stings

• Spiders use ice
• Black widow not usually deadly
• Brown recluse wounds wont heal on their own
• Bee scrape stinger off skin
• Use ice
• Wasps dont have stingers
• Snake no ice very little movement
• Most poisonous are pit vipers
• Coral snake is the exception
• Sea animals use heat or vinegar no ice
• Most not predatory (accidental contact)

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11
Contagious skin conditions
Herpes simplex
Molluscum contagiosum
Warts
12
Contagious skin conditions
Ringworm
Athletes foot