EARTHS HISTORY

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EARTHS HISTORY
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• What types of rocks are formed from the
  solidification of molten magma?

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• Igneous rocks

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• What types of rock are formed by extreme heat and
  pressure beneath the earth?

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• Metamorphic rocks

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• What types of rocks are formed by the
  solidification of dust, sand, and other organic
  as a result of pressure?

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• Sedimentary rock

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• Molten rock inside the earth is called?

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• lava

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• Molten rock outside the earth is called?

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• magma

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• An animal died and was quickly buried by
  sediment. Over million of years, the animal
  deteriorated. When found, there was just an
  imprint of the animal. What kind of fossil
  would this be - a cast or mold?

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• A mold!

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•  What kind of fossil is it when minerals from
  earth or water fill an imprint. Then the minerals
  harden into stone resulting in the stone being
  shaped like the original living creature?

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• Cast

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• Sometimes when animals get buried quickly in
  sedimentary rock, their body, over 1000s of
  years, decomposes leaving behind light, black
  layered remains. (the same process in which coal
  is made!) What is this black layer called?

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• Carbon film

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• What are fossils that show the activity of
  previous animals or plants and not the animals
  themselves called? (like footprints, trails or
  egg shells)

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• Trace fossils

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• Name three places where fossils might be found in
  their original state. (NOT decomposed)

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• Amber, tar and ice

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• What type of dating is it when the exact age of
  something is known?
• (like this eggshell is 20,000 years old!)

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• Absolute dating

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• What type of dating is it when the age of a
  fossil is only know with regards to other fossils
  above and below where it was found?
• (For instance, one might say, I dont know how
  old this fossil is, but I DO know it is older
  that that fossil because it was found deeper in
  the ground!)

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• Relative dating

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• What is it called when lava pushing into existing
  rock changing its properties?

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• Intrusion

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• What is it called when magma forms rock
  formations on the surface, like a lava flow or
  volcanic dome?

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• Extrusion

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• What is a crack in the earths surface through
  which magma sometimes pushes up causing the
  formation of mountains?

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• Faults

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• What is the name of the law that says the deepr a
  fossil is found, the older it is and the nearer
  to the surface a fossil is, the younger it is?

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• The law of superposition

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• What is it called when there is a missing layer
  of rock underneath the earth that disappeared
  perhaps due to erosion?

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• unconformity

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• Lets say we find a fossil of a shell that we
  know was common 150 m.y.a (million years ago). In
  the same rock sample, we find a new type of shell
  never before seen! A scientist, knowing that the
  original shell was 150m.y.a. can conclude that
  the new shell is about the same age. Fossils like
  the originals shell, whose age is already known,
  and thus are used to determine the age of new
  fossils found in the same layer of rock are
  called what?

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• Index fossils