Organizing Data and Information

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Organizing Data and Information

• Chapter 5

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Learning Objectives

• Define general data management concepts and terms
• Describe the advantages disadvantages of the
  database approach to data management
• Name 3 database models list their features,
  advantages disadvantages.

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Learning Objectives

• Identify the common functions performed by all
  database management systems
• Identify 3 popular end-user database management
  systems
• Briefly discuss recent database developments.

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Fig 5.1
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Fig 5.2
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The Traditional versus the Database Approach to
Data Management
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Fig 5.3
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Problems with the Traditional Approach

• Data redundancy
• Program-data dependence
• Inflexibility

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Fig 5.4
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Table 5.1
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Table 5.2
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Data Modeling Database Models
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Data Design Issues

• Content What data should be collected?
• Access What data should be given to what users?
• Logical structure How will the data be organized
  to make sense to a particular user?
• Physical organization Where will the data
  actually be located?

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Data Modeling

• Logical design
• Physical design
• Planned data redundancy
• Data model

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Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagrams

• Fig 5.5

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Data Models

• Hierarchical models
• Network models
• Relational models

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Fig 5.6
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Fig 5.7
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Fig 5.8
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Operations

• Select rows
• Project columns
• Join tables

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Fig 5.9
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Database Management Systems
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Database Management Systems (DBMSs)

• Provide a user view
• Provide tools to create modify the database
• Store retrieve data
• Manipulate data
• Produce reports

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Fig 5.11
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Fig 5.12
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Fig. 5.13
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Data Dictionary Benefits

• Reduced data redundancy
• Faster program development
• Easier data information modification
• Increased data reliability

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Fig 5.14
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Fig 5.15
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Fig 5.16
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Fig 5.17
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Selecting a DBMS

• Database size
• Number of concurrent users
• Performance
• Integration

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Selecting a DBMS

• Features
• Vendor
• Cost

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Database Developments
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Fig 5.18
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Fig 5.19
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Table 5.3
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Database Developments

• Data warehouses
• Data marts
• Data mining
• Online analytical processing (OLAP)

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Table 5.4
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Table 5.5
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Table 5.6
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Fig 5.20
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Object-Relational Database Management Systems

• Stores objects
• Hypertext
• Hypermedia
• Spatial data technology

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Business Intelligence

• Competitive Intelligence
• Counterintelligence