MORTALITY

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MORTALITY

• By Jacky, Monika, Alison, Serena

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What is Mortality?The number of deaths per 1000
people per yearInfant mortality is the average
number of children out of every 1000 born alive
who died under the age of one year.The way it
is measured.Crude death rate the number of
deaths per 1000 people per year.The declining
in the death rate leads to sharp increase in the
life expectancy.
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Overview of statistics
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Economic factors

• When there is a high mortality rate there is
  slow economic growth
• Afghanistan is an extremely poor country highly
  depend on farming and livestock raising. Sever
  drought has added to the nation difficulties (
  increase mortality rate? slow economic growth)
• UK is the centre heart to trading and finance- it
  depends on quaternary and tertiary industry. The
  government has been spending lots on money to
  improve its infrastructure, healthcare ( decrease
  in mortality ? higher life expectancy) and
  education.
• India has a very diverse economy, it depends on
  both agriculture and high tech industries.
  Services are the main source of economic growth(
  high birth rate ? more people to work)

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Social Factors

• With higher social factors ( level of education,
  literacy) there is a lower rate of mortality
• Literacy age 15 and over can read and write
• In Afghanistan only 36 of the entire population
  can read or write, 51 of male and 21 of female
  can read or write. Due to war, many schools are
  demolished and only male gets the privilege of
  studying. This leads to a vicious cycle of
  poverty, with a low level of education, there are
  little people to work in tertiary and quaternary
  industries ? little research on medical care
  high mortality rate.
• The government in UK has free education till end
  of year 11, the literacy rate is 99, both male
  and female has the same rights to study.
• Therefore it leads to steady economic growth and
  more money will be spent on research on science
  and medical care ? lower mortality rate.
• India has a relatively low education level. In
  India the level of literacy is 59.5 for total
  population, 70.2 of male and 48.3 of female can
  read or write.
• As India is a very religious country and
  believes that male are more productive and useful
  than women, families tend to allow male to study
  and females to stay at home. However, females are
  beginning to fight for their rights and people
  are beginning to realize that education is the
  way out of poverty , decrease in mortality and
  increase in economic growth.
• Also their poor sanitation and habits leads to
  higher death rates. This lack of education
  contributes to the low level of awareness of HIV
  of the people. This makes India has the highest
  population who live with HIV AIDS, and this
  boosts up it mortality rate.

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Cultural factors

• Cultural factors includes religions and beliefs,
  way of living and capital punishments
• In Afghanistan there is continuous war which
  leads high mortality rate and after the Taliban
  had taken into power mortality rates continue to
  increase. With religious belief believing hat
  they will go to heaven when they die lead to
  increasing amount of suicidal bombing killing
  thousands of innocent.
• UK has higher mortality rate than China and
  India, one of the reasons is their way of living.
  Although UK(78.4) has a higher life expectancy
  than China ( 72.3) and India (64.4), but some of
  UKs highest killers are heart disease and
  cancer. This is due to the lack of exercise,
  consuming largely processed or unnatural food.
• India has a relatively low mortality rate, this
  is due to their habits and the food they eat.
  Although their diets consists of many spices,
  oils, meat and vegetables. They still have a more
  balanced diet than countries such as UK leading
  to healthier lifestyles. This can be proved by
  its literacy rate of 59.5, comparing with other
  MDCs which have a literacy rate of over 90.

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Political Factors

• Afghanistans economy has suffered greatly from
  the recent political and military unrest the
  country is left in ruins and dependent on foreign
  aid. The countrys political instability has
  caused the mortality rate of Afghanistans
  population to increase greatly.
• In UK Political factors does not really affect
  the mortality rates. There are not many wars
  nowadays which deduces the death rate. Minorities
  such as bomb attacks happen, but they do not have
  a great change in the mortality rate.
• According to its constitution, India is a
  sovereign socialist secular democratic
  republic. The democratic nature of India worsens
  the problem of uneven distribution of income.
  This leads to an increase in population who live
  in poverty. The low living standard of those
  populations raises Indias mortality.

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China

• Economic factors
• Since China is now an economically developing
  country in the Far East, its economy is getting
  better and the people are getting wealthier, this
  represents lower rate of mortality and higher the
  standard of living. Medical care and sanitation
  are improving due to the strong economy, People
  are more willing to spend money to improve their
  standard of living, in other words, their life of
  expectancy would be much longer. Hence, the
  mortality rate would decrease.
• Cultural factors
• Culture is also a factor that affect the death
  rate in China. As China is a country who
  encourage heavy penalty on criminals which often
  resulted in death sentence, so does it influence
  the death rate.
• Culture plays an impact on deaths because of
  their bad living conditions and lack of medical
  knowledge. It is this lifestyle that often leads
  to poor health. If in case there is an epidemic,
  deaths can increase.

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China cont.

• Social factors
• War can play an important role in affecting the
  mortality rates. It can be a civil war or a war
  against other countries. For instance, battles
  between China and Japan during the Second World
  War leads to great casualties which devastated
  the most of the male population.
• Political factors
• The One Child Policy that the Chinese government
  imposed in 1979 in order to control the birth
  rate led to a decrease in population. In most
  cases, due to the traditional preference for
  boys, large numbers of female babies are either
  killed or aborted. In a communist society, people
  are bound to obey the government without consent.
  

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CONCLUSION

• The Economic and Social factors ( Political for
  Afghanistan) are the most important factors.
• Their importance certainly varies with the
  countries in the following ways
• For example, in Afghanistan, the most important
  factor is Political. Because Afghanistan is
  politically unstable, leading to the death of
  many people thus increasing the mortality rate
  of the country.
• The most important factor for UK is social, UKs
  high mortality rate comes from their habits and
  the things they each. Most of the death rate in
  the country is because of diseases such as heart
  disease and cancer and old age.
• India is doing quite well as an LEDC, its most
  important factor is social, with a low level of
  education it leads to a cycle of low level of
  education ?less expertise ? low economic growth ?
  little development in science and medical
  research ? high death rate