Final Exam

1
Final Exam

• Review

2

• Test Day (Wednesday, December 15th)
• 800AM 950AM
• Schwab Auditorium
• Show up a few minutes early
• Please fill in every other seat
• Will reserve left-handed desks for left-handed
  people and late comers.
• BRING PHOTO IDS!

3
Format

• Closed book, no notes (no calculator allowed)
• 80-100 questions
• Mostly qualitative knowledge
• Conceptual knowledge
• The test will emphasize Chapters 12 - 18, but
  will also include general coverage of the
  Prologue Chapter 11.
• What is covered? (what is fair game?)
• Power Point lecture notes
• In-class Activities
• Homework problems
• Online Quizzes
• Previous Exams

4
New Formulas

• Vr Hd

5
Ch. 12

• Giant Star Evolution
• Hydrogen Shell Fusion
• Helium Core Fusion
• Expansion/Contraction of layers
• Evolution on the HR Diagram
• Triple-alpha Process
• Helium Flash
• Degenerate Matter
• Planetary Nebulae
• White Dwarfs
• Electron Degeneracy Pressure

• Black Dwarfs
• Novae
• Red Dwarfs
• The onion layer effect
• Supernova Explosions
• Type I Supernovae
• Type II Supernovae
• Supernova Remnants
• Star Clusters
• Open Clusters
• Globular Clusters
• Main Sequence Turnoff

6
Ch. 13

• Neutron Stars
• Neutron Degeneracy Pressure
• Pulsars
• The Lighthouse model
• X-ray Bursters
• Gamma Ray Bursts
• Black Holes
• Escape Velocity
• Event Horizon
• Schwartschild Radius
• Curved Space
• Gravitational Redshift
• Detection of Black Holes

7
Chapter 14

• Cepheid Variable Stars
• Period-Luminosity Relation
• Globular Clusters
• The Milky Way Galaxy
• Disk
• Halo
• Nuclear Bulge
• Position of the Sun
• Determining Mass
• Differential Rotation
• Rotation Curve
• Star Clusters
• Locations
• Ages

• Population I II stars
• Chemical composition
• Orbits
• Ages
• Formation of the Galaxy
• Discrepancies
• Spiral Tracers
• Grand Design
• Branches and Spurs
• Density Wave Theory
• Self-Sustained Star Formation
• Sagittarius A
• Evidence of supermassive black hole
• Discrepancies

8
Chapter 15

• Hubble Deep Field
• Galaxy Classification
• Elliptical
• Spiral
• Irregular
• Barred Spiral
• Galaxy Subclassifications
• Distance Indicators
• Standard Candles
• Tully-Fisher Relation
• Distance Ladder

9
Chapter 16

• Hubbles Law
• Hubbles Constant
• Redshift
• Dark Matter
• Evidence of Dark Matter

• Galaxy Formation
• Galaxy Collisions
• Galactic Cannibalism
• The Origin of Galaxies
• The Evolution of Galaxies
• Lookback Time

10
Chapter 17

• Olbers Paradox
• Homogeneity
• Isotropy
• Universality
• The Cosmological Principle
• Galactic Red Shifts
• Expansion of the Universe
• Curvature of the Universe
• Closed
• Flat
• Open
• Age of the Universe

• The Big Bang
• Evidence of the Big Bang
• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
• The Early Universe
• The Future of the Universe
• Critical Density
• The Accelerating Universe
• Cosmological Constant
• Dark Energy
• The Origin of Galaxies

11
Chapter 18

• Life As We Know It
• Possibility of Life Elsewhere
• Life Zone
• Travel Among the Stars
• Restrictions
• Communicating with Other Civilizations
• The Search For Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence
• The Water Hole
• The Drake Equation