Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault

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Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault

• Gayle Wierzbicki, MSW LISW
• Drug Demand Reduction Coordinator
• MCRDPI/ERR/MCAS Beaufort
• E-Mail gayle.wierzbicki_at_usmc.mil
• DSN 335-7210
• Comm843-228-7210

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DoD definition for sexual assault and other
sex-related offenses as required by Section 577
(3) of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005, P.L.
108-375, October 28, 2004

• Criminal
• Can occur without regard to gender or spousal
  relationship or age of victim.
• Consent is not given
• when a person uses force, threat of force,
  coercion or when the victim is asleep,
  incapacitated, or unconscious.
• Consent shall not be deemed or construed to
  mean the failure by the victim to offer physical
  resistance.

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Rape and Sexual Assault Statistics

• Male rape accounts for about 8 of all rapes.
  (Bureau of Justice, National Crime Victimization
  Study, 2004)
• Over 90 of rapes and sexual assaults are
  perpetrated by an acquaintance of the victim.
  (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2004)
• 85 of rapes and sexual assaults involve alcohol.
  (U.S. Department of Justice, 2004)

Marine Corps Statistics

• Data for the Marine Corps as reported by NCIS
• REPORTS OF SEXUAL ASSAULT IN THE USMC
• CY02 CY03 CY04
• 137 149 184

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The beginning of Raves

• Began 1987 on the Spanish
• island of Ibiza.
• British youth held marathon,
• all night parties
• more than 30,000 people.
• Intense sound system,
• techno-beat music,
• alcohol, and drugs.

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Ravers took it back to Britain
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• and
• the phenomenon spread
• throughout Europe.
• Along with it came
• the preponderance
• of drugs.

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Skittles
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Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault
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Alcohol Gamma-Hydroxbutrate (GHB) Rohypnol
Ketamine Ecstasy
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Alcohol

• The number 1 Date Rape Drug
• Over 85 of Sexual Assault Victims/ Perpetrators
  Have Used Alcohol or Other Drugs prior to the
  Assault.

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GHBs slang names

• G or Gamma G
• Georgia Home Boy
• Liquid ecstasy
• Liquid X
• Grievous Bodily Harm
• Growth Hormone Booster

In the United States

• GHB use is increasing throughout the country.
• It is most commonly found in Florida, Texas,
  California, and Georgia.
• Typical users are Caucasian (94) males (79)
  between the ages of 18 to 25 years.
• Also used frequently by body-builders.
• Cost is 10-50 for 100 grams, depending on the
  potency.

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Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Acid(GHB)

• Chemical in the brain that aids in the
  transmission of nerve impulses.
• Affects the release of dopamine in the brain,
  usually causing effects ranging from relaxation
  to sleep at low doses.
• Extremely similar to alcohol intoxication.
• Within 15 minutes of ingestion, 2 grams of the
  drug induces sleep, and 4 grams can induce coma.
• Takes effect within 10-20 minutes. Doesn't peak
  for almost an hour.  The user feels relaxed,
  sociable, affectionate and playful, and
  uninhibited followed by a feeling of drowsiness. 
  
• Higher doses can lead to a sleep from which the
  user cannot be awoken. The effects can last from
  4-24 hours.

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Why does GHB make aneffective date rape drug?

• Virtually undetectable. GHB is not found in any
  routine toxicology screen or blood test - doctors
  and police have to be looking specifically for
  GHB and they have to look quickly!
• Tasteless, odorless, and colorless
• All traces of GHB will leave the body within 72
  hours of ingestion, however majority of GHB is
  gone in about 8 hours. Rapidly absorbed.

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• GBL (which, when ingested, turns into GHB in the
  body, has the same effects). Effects compounded
  when used with alcohol.
• There is a risk of severe burns to the mouth,
  throat, and stomach from GHB that has been
  improperly produced.

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GHBs effects (

Short term forgetfulness..

Intense sleepiness..

Heightened sexual interest..

Loss of inhibition..

• Mild euphoria..
• Slowed breathing..
• Poor muscle coordination..
• Disorientation and confusion..

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Rohypnols slang names

• La Rocha
• Mexican Valium
• Roofies
• R-2
• Roach-2
• Roaches

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Rohypnol

• The effects of Rohypnol begin within a half-hour,
  but don't peak for almost two hours. 
• Causes people to black out
• Is both physically and psychologically
  addictive.  Overdose - Both GHB and Rohypnol
  present a serious overdose threat. Both can be
  fatal when mixed with alcohol (although an
  overdose of Rohypnol, on it's own, is not
  generally fatal).  With GHB, another problem is
  the fact that it takes a while for the peak
  effects of the drug to take effect - people often
  take another dose thinking they haven't taken
  enough (and GHB can be fatal on it's own). 

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Rohypnols effects ( 2 mg.)

• Short term forgetfulness..
• Disorientation and intense sleepiness..
• Lowered blood pressure..

• Slowed or difficult breathing..
• Poor muscle coordination..
• Difficulty with walking or moving..
• Slurred speech.

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Ketamines slang names

• K
• Special K
• Vitamin K
• Cat Valium
• Green
• Kit-Kat

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Ketamine

• Ketamine is a hallucinogen
• Its major sedative quality involves muscle
  paralysis.
• Milder than PCP and more is needed for an effect.
  
• 100 mg. Ketamine 25 mg. PCP
• Abuse of ketamine (pronounced Kee-ta-meen) goes
  hand in hand with gamma hydroxy butyrate (GHB)
  and MDMA (Ecstasy). Where you find one, you will
  likely find the others. All three are very
  popular with the RAVE party crowd.

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• Ketamine may be snorted,
• intra-muscularly injected,
• taken in pill form,
• or added to drinks in liquid
  form.

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Ketamines effects (50-100 mg.)

• Temporary muscle paralysis..
• Mild hallucinations..
• Dissociative state..
• Bizarre thoughts..

• Intense sleepiness..
• Slowed breathing..
• Poor muscle Coordination..
• Disorientation..

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ecstasy
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NOT TYPICALLY THOUGHT OF AS A DATE RAPE DRUG

• Frequently called Adam and Eve, X, XTC, Love
  Drug, Hug Drug
• Predators will often hang out at clubs, and prey
  on those under the influence of Ecstasy.
• Typically, the predators will not use ecstasy
  themselves as it is known to cause impotency.

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The following are indicators that the victim may
have been drugged to facilitate a Sexual Assault

• The victim reports that he/she was under the
  influence of a drug during the sexual assault
  (either a legal or illegal drug).
• The toxicology test. The victim recalls feeling
  strange, then feeling suddenly very drunk.
• The victim reports becoming heavily intoxicated,
  very rapidly within a time period of five to
  fifteen minutes.
• Waking up eight or more hours later, uncertain
  about what happened, but believing that something
  may have happened, experiencing genital soreness,
  or other signs of sexual activity.

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The following are indicators that the victim may
have been drugged to facilitate a Sexual Assault

• The victim reports that witnesses said he/she
  suddenly appeared drunk, drowsy, and dizzy,
  confused with impaired motor skills, and impaired
  judgment.
• The victim reports symptoms of amnesia.
• The victim remembers a sequence of cameo
  appearances in which he/she recalls waking up,
  possibly seeing the assailant having sex with
  him/her, but being unable to move, and then
  passing out again. These memories may be
  associated with a loud noise or pain.

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What Does This Mean to the Command?
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Actions to Help Reduce the Risk of Sexual Assault
in Your Units.
Ensure that your Subordinate Leaders are Educated
and Trained on Sexual Assault Prevention

• Conduct unit refresher training on drug
  facilitated sexual assault prevention in your
  unit, or Date Rape Drugs.
• Conduct unit safety briefs during high-risk
  periods such as holidays and deployments.
• Educate Marines and on the importance of
  maintaining alertness by avoiding alcohol abuse
  and drug use.

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Resources

• Command/Unit Chaplains
• Drug Demand Reduction Coordinator
• Family Advocacy Program
• Uniformed Victim Advocate
• Marine One Source

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Questions or comments?
Thank you for your time, concern, and interests