Environmental Education

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Environmental Education

• Instructional Strategies

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Instructional Strategies

• Instructional strategies determine the approach a
  teacher may take to achieve learning objectives

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The Instructional Framework
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Instructional Framework II
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Instructional Strategies

• Direct Instruction
• Indirect Instruction
• Experiential Learning
• Independent Study
• Interactive Instruction

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Direct Instruction

• Highly teacher-directed
• Commonly used
• Provides information
• Knowledge construction

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Direct Instruction
Possible Methods

• Lecture
• Didactic Questions

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Lecture

• Teacher-centered
• Passive
• Consider attention span
• Information can be easily forgotten
• Consider learning style preferences

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Didactic Questioning

• Helps Structure learning process
• Often Convergent and factual
• What
• Where
• When
• How
• Assess learning
• Provide practice
• Aid in retention of information
• Seeks to draw the student into lecture as
  participant
• Consider addition of why and what if questions

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Indirect Instruction

• Mainly student-centered
• Teacher as facilitator/supporter/resource
• Students
• Observing
• Investigating
• Drawing inferences
• Forming Hypothesis

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Indirect Instruction
Possible Methods

• Concept Mapping
• Inquiry

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Concept Mapping

• Develop understanding of a body of knowledge
• Explore new information and relationships
• Access prior knowledge
• Gather new knowledge and information
• Problem solve options

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Inquiry

• Students gather information about the world
• Act upon their curiosity and interests
• Develop questions
• Develop, clarify, and test hypotheses
• Draw inferences and generate possible solutions

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Experiential Learning

• Learner-centered
• Activity Oriented
• Emphasis on the process of learning
• Experiencing
• Sharing
• Processing
• Generalizing
• Applying

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Experiential Learning
Possible Methods

• Field Trips
• Simulations
• Role-playing

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Field Trips

• Exposure to real people and events
• Outside of regular classroom
• Require considerable organization
• Be clear on objectives
• Prepare students for learning
• Debrief session

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Independent Study

• Foster individual student initiative
• Planned independent study
• Supervised/guided by teacher
• Can include another student or small group work

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Independent Study

• Possible Methods
• Journals
• Research projects
• Assigned questions

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Interactive Instruction

• Sharing among participants
• Learn from peers
• Develops social skills
• Students must organize their thoughts
• Students must develop rational arguments

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Interactive Instruction

• Possible Methods
• Debates
• Brainstorming
• Think-Pair-Share

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Think-Pair-Share

• Give students food for thought
• Formulate individual ideas
• Share these ideas with another student
• Report shared ideas to class
• Good for large classes
• Willing participation less pressure