Chapter 5 Male Sexual Anatomy and Physiology

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Chapter 5Male Sexual Anatomy and Physiology
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The Penis

• Root - portion of penis that extends into the
  pelvic cavity
• Glans head of penis w/ many nerve endings
• Shaft length of penis between glans and body
• Foreskin skin covering glans

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The Penis

• Along length of penis are 3 chambers that engorge
  w/ blood during sexual arousal leads to penile
  erection

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The Penis

• Most sensitive part of penis is glans
• 2 areas of gland men find most sensitive/responsiv
  e to stimulation
• Corona rim or crown
• Frenulum thin strip of skin

Underside of penis
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The Scrotum

• Sac or pouch with two chambers directly under
  penis
• Normally hangs loosely from body

Scrotal sac consists of 2 layers -skin -Tunica
dartos
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The Testes/Testicles

• Testes male gonads inside scrotum that produce
  sperm and sex hormones
• Each testis suspended in sac by spermatic cord
• vas deferens sperm carrying tube
• 2 Major Functions of Testicles
• Secretion of male sex hormones
• Production of sperm
• ..
• Cryptochordism undescended testicles

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The Testes/Testicles

• Seminiferous tubules thin coiled structures in
  testicles where sperm is produced

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The Testes/Testicles

• Epididymis along back of each testicle where
  sperm maturation occurs

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The Testes/Testicles

• Vas Deferens sperm-carrying tube
• begins at testicle and ends at urethra

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• Seminal Vesicles
• 2 small glands adjacent to vas deferens
• Secrete 70 of seminal fluid

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Male Sexual Anatomy

• The prostate gland - at base of bladder
• -30 of seminal fluid

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Male Sexual Anatomy

• The Cowper's glands size of a pea
• Attaches to urethra just below prostate
• Secretes alkaline fluid before ejaculation
• Fluid not semen, but may contain active, healthy
  sperm

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Erection

• Process coordinated by nervous system

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Ejaculation

• Ejaculation when semen is expelled through
  penis to outside of body

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• Ejaculation
• 2 phases
• emission seminal fluid gathers and is trapped in
  urethral bulb
• expulsion semen expelled (3 -10 seconds) by
  strong, rhythmic contractions or muscles
  surrounding urethral bulb and root of penis

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Path Sperm Takes

• testes epididymis vas deferens urethra

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Male Circumcision Still Debated - Pros

• Uncircumcised men may be at ? risk for penile
  cancer
• Female partners may be at ? risk for cervical
  cancer
• Uncircumcised men may be more likely to contract
  urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, syphilis and
  AIDS

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Penile Fractures

• Rupture of cavernous bodies when penis in erect
  state
• Not a common injury
• Avoid penile fractures
• Be careful during intercourse
• Dont fall on your
• erect penis!

Penile swelling and hematoma are evident even if
the extent of the lesion in corpora cavernosa is
not always comparable to physical signs.
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Penile Cancer Risk Factors

• Being over 50 years of age
• History of multiple sexual partners and STDs
• Poor genital hygiene
• Being uncircumcised
• Long history of tobacco use
• Increases chance from 1 in 100, 000 to 1 in 600

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Testicular Cancer

• 1 of cancers that occur in males
• Common in males 15-34
• Symptoms none during early stages besides mass
  in testicle feels hard/irregular
• Distinguishable from surrounding tissue
• May be painless/may be sensitive
• Fever, tender breasts nipples, painful
  accumulation of fluid or swelling in scrotum

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Prostate Diseases

• Prostatis common disorder of prostate gland
• Prostate becomes enlarged and inflamed as result
  of infectious agent
• Symptoms pain in pelvic area or base of penis,
  lower abdominal ache, bachache, aching testicles,
  urgent need to urinate frequently, burning
  sensation while urinating, cloudy discharge from
  penis, difficulties w/ sexual functions
  (erections or ejaculations, reduced sexual
  interest)

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Prostate Diseases

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia
• About 50 of mens prostate glands increase in
  size as they age
• 50 of men ages 50-59
• 60 of men ages 60-69

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Prostate Cancer

• Prostate Cancer tumor of prostate
• 200,000 U.S. men diagnosed annually
• 40,000 male deaths annually
• Risk Factors
• Old age, Family history of prostate cancer,
  African American, Genetic, hormonal nutritional
  factors implicated, Smoking, Prior history of
  STDs
• Diet high in saturated fats

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Prostate Cancer

• Annual rectal exam for men and women 40
• Annual Rectal exam PSA for men 50
• Rectal exam and PSA for 40 men w/ family history
  of prostate cancer/African American

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• Treatments for Prostate Cancer
• Prostatectomy removal of prostate gland
• Cryoprostatectomy - cancerous cells destroyed by
  freezing
• Orchidectomy surgical removal of testes

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Internet Websites more on next slide
too

• Mens Health
• http//www.healthtouch.com/level1/leaflets/101529/
  101529/html
• Info from FDA, Planned Parenthood, the National
  Cancer Institute, and others about sexual and
  reproductive issues, sexual and urological
  problems, nutrition, etc.
• Testicular Self-Exam
• http//www.mskcc.org/patients_n_public/cancer_prev
  ention_and_wellness/self_exams/testicular_self_exa
  mination_body.html

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Internet Websites

• ABCs of Sexual Health Assessing and Managing
  Male Sexual Problems
• http//www.studentbmj.com/back_issues/0999/educati
  on/321.html
• Mens Health another great resource on general
  health issues for men brought to you by the
  publishers of Mens Health Magazine
• http//www.menshealth.com/new/guide/index.html

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the end.