MILK QUALITY STANDARDS AND MASTITIS FUNDAMENTALS

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MILK QUALITY STANDARDS AND MASTITIS FUNDAMENTALS
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What is quality milk?
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CLEAN COWS/ UDDERS TO START!!! INSIDE AND
OUTSIDE!!!
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CLEAN
DRY
COMFORTABLE
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PREMILKING SANITATION
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PREMILKING SANITATION
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FORESTRIPPING
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QUALITY MILK (cow)

LEGAL OPTIMAL Bacteria Count
(SPC) lt 100,000 lt 5000 Prelim.
Incubation (PI) -------
lt10,000 Somatic Cell Count lt 750,000
lt 150 - 200,000 ? Antibiotics/ Adulterants
none / ? NONE Flavor / Odor
excellent
excellent Rancidity (ADV)
----- lt .4 - .6
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Proteolysis in Pasteurized 2 Milk
(?26,000, ?376,000, ?726,000, and
1,113,000 SCC/ml)
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Milk quality Starts in here!
IT NEVER GETS BETTER!
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MASTITIS CONTROL, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT IN
COWS

• Leo Timms
• Iowa State University
• Dairy Science Extension

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COW MASTITIS

• Basic mastitis facts
• Mastitis detection
• Mastitis control
• Prevention
• Treatment

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• Occurs in every herd
• Decreased cow performance (milk)
• Milk discard costs
• Cow/ calf mortality and morbidity
• Cow replacement costs
• Labor costs
• Veterinary costs
• Feed costs (orphans)

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Fat same Poor membrane More rancidity
protein same Casein
NaCl BSA Ig Nagase ?
15-20 less Lactose (sugar)
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MASTITIS

• Inflammation of the mammary gland where
  inflammation is reaction to tissue injury
• Redness
• Swelling
• Heat
• Pain
• Loss of function
• 99 of inflammation results from infection

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TYPES OF MASTITIS

• Clinical visual abnormalities(milk/udder/doe)
• - fever - loss of appetite - depression -
  death
• Chronic - long duration - variable signs
• - contagious? - fibrosis (nodules) udder
  palpation
• Subclinical No visible signs Special tests
  
• Loss of function
• Mastitis types are correlated
• to organisms!!!

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CALVING
WEANING
?
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HOW MUCH MASTITIS IS IN MY HERD?
OLD?
NEW!
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HOW DO WE FIND IT IN MY HERD?
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MASTITIS DIAGNOSTICS
How do I look for (find mastitis)?

• Clinical
• -Milk - udder - systemic
• Udder Palpation
• Subclinical
• Cultures Know your organisms
• SCC CMT / Electronic

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• lt 2 with clinical mastitis
• Take a sample for culture

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KNOW YOUR ENEMY (germ warfare)
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Contagious Mastitis

• Cow to Cow
• Who has a problem?
• Segregate if possible!
• Milking time spread!
• Milking proc. / equip!
• Teat trauma in heifers suckling / weather /
  flies sharp pastures (S.aureus)
• Waste milk / respiratory for mycoplasma

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Environmental Mastitis

• Environment to Cow
• Feces, Soil, Bedding Water
• Environmental Contact - no Velcro
• Stress Cow comfort, Acidosis, Disease, Weather
  , Machine misadjustment, Milking practices

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UDDER PALPATION
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UNDERSTANDING /USING SOMATIC CELL COUNTS (white
blood cells)
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SOMATIC CELLS ARE SPECIFIC!
Only go when and where they are needed!
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CONTROLLING THE GAMEBad and good guys!
Teat end
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If you cant reduce susceptibility, YOU NEED TO
LOWER EXPOSURE!!
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MONITORING IS A MUST!!!!
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SCC

• Herd
  Cow
• Excellent lt150,000 lt150,000
• Problem ? gt 200
  283,000
• Illegal gt 750,000

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WHAT IS A PROBLEM HIGH SCC?

• INDIVIDUAL COW BASIS
• gt 200 283,000 SCC!!!

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SO YOU WANNA BE AVERAGE?

• Leo Timms
• Iowa State University

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300,000 SCC
100,000 SCC
1 MILLION!
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150,000 SCC
150,000 SCC
150,000 SCC 8 cases of clinical mastitis
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500,000 SCC
49 cows lt 200,000 1 cow gt 20 million w/ 100
milk
50 cows at 500,000!
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150,000 SCC(6 mo. later)
50 cows _at_ 150,000 SCC
40 new heifers, 10 aged cows Cows treated/dumped
1.6 mil. SCC
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HERD SCC AVERAGE

• Made up of individual cow SCCs
• Need surveillance on individual cows
• Need to define what a problem cow is!
• SCC gt 300,000?

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Current Linear SCC vs. Prev. Linear SCC
New Cases 6
Chronic 14
Cures 6
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MONITORING FRESH COWS
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California mastitis test (CMT)
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3 grape jelly
2
0 no gel
1
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Gel Or NO gel?
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CONTROLLING THE GAMEBad and good guys!
Healthy teats
What bug?
Numbers? Type?
More or less bugs?
Weak or strong?
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CONTROLLING THE GAMEBad and good guys!
X Barrier Teat dips? Sealants?
minimize bugs!
Treat bugs?
Maximize immunity!