The Life and Death of Bacteria

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The Life and Death of Bacteria

• Kelly L. Shipley

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Funding and support received from
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Todays Agenda

• Introduction
• Safety
• The Life and Death of Bacteria
• Basic Practice Techniques
• Surveying Different Kinds of Media
• Closing

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Introduction

• All living things contain cells
• Eukaryotes more than one cell
• Prokaryotes one cell organisms

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The Boring (Yawn!!) Eukaryotic Plant and Animal
Cells
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The Exciting Bacterial Cell
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What are Bacteria?

• Bacteria are prokaryotes, meaning they are only
  ONE celled organisms. They are very small and
  can be harmful or beneficial.

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Follow along

• You have a picture of a bacterial cell at your
  desk.
• Follow along with the following diagram, making
  sure you understand what each structure is and
  how it works.

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Bacterial Cell Components
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Bacteria come in many different shapes and
sizestake a quick look
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How big are bacteria?

• How many bacteria will fit on the head of a
  pencil, like the one you use every day??

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• 1 MILLION bacteria could fit onto the tip of that
  one pencil!!

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Bacteria can replicate easily

• To grow, bacteria divide and divide and divide
  again.
• Problem If you started with only 1 bacteria
  cell, and it divided 10 times, how many bacteria
  would you then have??

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Bacteria are everywhere

• Dont panic!!
• This is a good thing.
• Bacteria are part of our lives, our ecosystem and
  our habitat!

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Bacteria can cause diseases, like we all know
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Bacteria can also have beneficial uses
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As well as those beneficial uses

• There are many bacteria which humans need every
  day.
• They live on us and in us and we NEED them!!!
• They are called our NORMAL FLORA

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Normal flora

• Flora microorganisms that are
• usually found associated with
• healthy body tissue
• What does that mean?
• Normal flora are bacteria which our body needs
  and play a good role to help us stay healthy.

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Lets look at the different areas flora live

• and then we will test them!!

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Normal flora of the skin

• Skin is considered a harsh environment for
  bacteria, why?
• Bacteria like the areas of the skin which are
  moist underarms, sweat glands etc.
• Most are not harmful, but Acne
• Ie Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium acnes,

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Normal flora of the oral cavity

• Streptococcus is a normal bacteria in your mouth
• Other bacteria are also present that turn sugars
  into acids and cause dental plaque, cavities and
  decay
• Brushing our teeth allows the normal flora to
  grow without build-up of other bacteria!!

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Normal flora of the GI tract

• The GI tract is the stomach, small intestine and
  large intestine.
• Several different types of bacteria live in the
  GI tract and aid in digestion, movement of waste
  and absorption.
• Ie E. coli, Clostridium, Enterococcus faecalis,

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Normal flora of the Urogenital Tract

• Urethra (tube from which you urinate) have normal
  microorganisms present, but they can become
  opportunistic when there is a change in the
  environment and causing infection
• Bladder and reproductive organs should always be
  sterile

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Normal flora of the Respiratory Tract

• Upper oral cavity and throat microorganisms
  live in the areas around mucous membranes
• Ie Staph, Strept, and some gram negative
• Lower trachea, bronchi and lungs should ALWAYS
  be sterile, if not pneumonia

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Lab InformationPay Attention

• The following is an introduction to some of the
  media we will be using today
• Pay attention!!

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Different Kinds of Media

• We grow bacteria on different types of media.
• Media means an environment inside a Petri dish
  that has certain characteristics
• We will go over the types of media we are using
  today

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MacConkey Agar Media

• MacConkey is specifically designed to help
  bacteria that live on the skin to grow
• Gram Positive bacteria
• Grows pink, purple and white colored colonies

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Mannitol Salt Media

• Mannitol Salt is specifically designed to help
  gut
• organisms grow.
• Gram Negative bacteria
• Yellow gut organisms present
• No change no gut organisms present

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Nutrient Agar Media

• Nutrient media is NOT selective (G and G-)
• This means that most all bacteria LOVE to eat
  nutrient agar
• It is the most common media, and we will be using
  it A LOT!!

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Now, lets move on to our lab protocol.

• We will be surveying different places where the
  different skin and gut bacteria grow
• Where would be some good places to find either?
• Where are some places to find them, where they
  really SHOULDNT be?

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Anti-Microbial Testing

• Goal To see how the products we use in our
  homes affect the different bacteria we know are
  around.
• What types of products are out there?

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Disinfectants

• Disinfectants are substances that inhibit
  bacterial growth
• THEY ARE ALSO HARMFUL TO HUMAN TISSUES!!

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Disinfectants

• Disinfectants are substances that inhibit
  bacterial growth
• THEY ARE ALSO HARMFUL TO HUMAN TISSUES!!

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Disinfectants

• Disinfectants are substances that inhibit
  bacterial growth
• THEY ARE ALSO HARMFUL TO HUMAN TISSUES!!

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Antiseptics

• Antiseptics are chemical substances that inhibit
  bacterial growth
• THEY ARE NOT HARMFUL TO HUMAN TISSUES

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Antiseptics

• Antiseptics are chemical substances that inhibit
  bacterial growth
• THEY ARE NOT HARMFUL TO HUMAN TISSUES

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Antiseptics

• Antiseptics are chemical substances that inhibit
  bacterial growth
• THEY ARE NOT HARMFUL TO HUMAN TISSUES

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What do you think?

• Will antiseptics, which we use on our bodies, be
  more effective on Gram pos. or Gram neg.
  bacteria?
• What about disinfectants?
• How do each do against the bacteria on our
  plates?

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How do you get your results?

• Call me at 503-838-8209
• E-mail me at shipleyk_at_wou.edu
• Go to our website at www.wou.edu/