Russian pressurized water reactor VVER440

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Russian pressurized water reactor VVER-440

• Alexei Soldatov
• Russian Federation

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Presentation Outline

• Introduction Some history of Russian Nuclear
  energy
• NPP with VVER 440 (Project 230 213)
• General design of VVER 440 (230 / 213)
• Hardware of VVER 440 primary loop
• VVER 440 operating systems
• VVER 440 safety systems
• Conclusion

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History of Russian nuclear energy
Experimental reactors
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History of VVER type reactors
VVER 210 experimental build in Novovoroneg NPP
VVER 365 experimental build in Novovoroneg NPP
VVER 440 / 187 first Pre-generation (2 units)
VVER 440 / 230 first generation of VVER
VVER 440 / 213 second generation of VVER
VVER 1000 third generation of VVER
VVER 1000 AES 92 - Basic design
VVER 640 / NP640 (1 unit under construction)
AST 500 NPP for thermal energy production
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VVER 440 is an international reactor type of
reactor

• In the Soviet period most of East European
  countries build VVER 440
• Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovak
  Republic, Finland, East Germany, Ukraine,
  Armenia, Cuba.
• More then 30 units all over the world

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General Design of NPP with VVER 440

• All NPP with VVER 440 have Twins design.
• 2 Reactors are placed in the same reactor
  building.
• Each reactor has two 220 MW turbines
• Each reactor operated from his own control room

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General Design of NPP with VVER 440

• Twins design have some advantages
• Ability to use one support system for both units
• Ability to use steam from Unit 2 for starting
  Unit 1
• Twins design is also good for economical
  reasons

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General Design of NPP with VVER 440

• Twins design have some disadvantages
• Dependence between two units in the case of
  emergency
• No containment
• Higher potential irradiation of personal

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VVER Primary Loop
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VVER 440Primary Loop. Reactor
Main parameters of reactor Thermal Power 1375
27 MWe Number of Cold / hot legs
6/6 Pressure inside reactor 125
Atm Temperature (Cold leg) 270 ? Temp. rise
across the core 30 ? Water flow through the
core 41 000
m3/hr
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VVER Primary Loop, Steam generator
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VVER Primary Loop
Steam generator parameters
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VVER Primary Loop
Main coolant pump Productivity 7100 m3/
hr Operating pressure 125 Atm Charge (delta P)
40,25 Atm Power at hot/cold water 1400 / 1600
kWt
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VVER Primary Loop
Pressurizer Nominal temperature 325 ? Nominal
pressure 125 Atm Temperature at work 335 ?
Pressure at work 140Atm Volume (Steam/water) 18
/ 26 cubic meters
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VVER Primary Loop
Pressurizer work graph
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VVER 440 systems of primary loop

• Reactor coolant system
• Chemical volume control system
• Passive Injection System
• Emergency boron injection system
• Emergency core cooling system (high low
  pressure injection
• Sprinkler system (Like containment spray
  system)
• Compressors Pumps support System

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VVER 440 systems of primary loop

• Barbatage condensate system
• Steam generator cleaning system
• Cooling water cleaning system
• MCP support system
• MCP oil seal system
• Spend fuel cooling system
• Leakages control system
• Boron storage system

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CVCS
CVCS
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Passive injection system
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Emergency Systems(See at the transparences)

• Emergency boron injection system
• Emergency core cooling system (high low
  pressure injection
• Sprinkler system (Like containment spray
  system)

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Conclusion

• VVER 440 reactor well operated since 1968
• During this operation they show their safety and
  ability keep control in emergency situation
• Experience of work with VVER 440 makes possible
  to develop new VVER 1000 VVER 640 (Medium
  power, increased safety project)