Glucose Metabolism

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Glucose Metabolism
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Glucose Molecule - REVIEW
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Glucose Molecule - REVIEW

• Relatively ______________________________________
  __________________
• However, there is LOTS of _______________________
  _________________________________________________
  _

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Glucose Metabolism

• A mechanism for _________________________________
  ________________
• Uses small ______________________________________
  _________________________________________________
  __
• Carried out by __________________________________
  ______________________

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Chemical equation for harvesting energy from
glucose?

• Recallhow did we GET glucose in the first place?

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Glucose Metabolism

• Four steps
• G
• A
• C
• O

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Glycolysis

• First ____________________________
• Takes place _____________________________________
  ________________
• Definition

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Glycolysis
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Glycolysis
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Glycolysis

• Uses __________________
• Generates _______________________________________
  _________________
• Overall products

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Pyruvate travels to mitochondria.

• where it is converted to Acetyl CoA

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Conversion to Acetyl CoA

• Produces __________________________
• Acetyl CoA ________________________
• Acetyl CoA ______________________________________
  ___________________

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Citric Acid Cycle

• Also known as ___________________________________
  _________________________________________________
  ____
• Definition

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Citric Acid Cycle

• A GRADUAL process
• Produces ________________________________________
  ______________
• Energy-rich molecules are

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Citric Acid Cycle

• Products of the CAC per molecule of glucose

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Oxidative Phosphorylation

• Definition

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Oxidative Phosphorylation

• Production of ___________________________________
  ___________________
• This concentration acts _________________________
  _________________________________________________
  ______
• This energy gradient helps create ATP
• Another ____________________ reaction

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Then, why is this lecture titled Cellular
Respiration?
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Cellular Respiration

• The source of energy for lifes biochemical
  processes
• Definition

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Cellular Respiration

• In humans, we inhale ___________
• This oxygen is used to produce ________
• We release (or exhale) __________________________
  ___________________

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Cellular Respiration

• Basic process ( oversimplification! )
• Release of energy from carbon-carbon bonds
• This energy release forms ATP
• To help these reactions, we USE oxygen and
  produce carbon dioxide

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Cellular Respiration

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vxbJ0nbzt5Kw

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Other sources to produce ATP

• For humans and animals (or, at least for our
  cells!)
• We consume
• Carbohydrates
• ??
• ??

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Back-up systems for ATP

• _____________________
• Fatty-acid chains can be broken into Acetyl CoA

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Back-up systems for ATP

• __________________
• Can break down into amino acids, which can become
  pyruvate or acetyl CoA

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Other metabolic pathways?

• Lots of organisms/bacteria need energy
• There is a diversity of mechanisms to produce
  energy (ATP or glucose)
• Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are
  ____________ metabolic pathways
• Metabolic pathways ______________________________
  ____________________

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Fermentation

• _______________ metabolic pathway
• Does not require oxygen to occur
• Definition

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Alcoholic Fermentation

• Anaerobic process
• Recall yeasts?
• Yeasts are eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom
  Fungi
• Yeast cells give off alcohols and CO2 gas as
  byproducts in their production of energy