Chap' 8

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Chap. 8 Chap. 9

• Friday, Sept. 21, 2007

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The concept of basic time

• The term basic time means that the reference is
  to the basic idea of past (she wrote), present
  (she writes), or future (she will write).
• When there is no resource to progressive (she
  is/was writing) or perfect meaning (she
  has/had/will have written), the time reference is
  to basic time, and the tenses are often called
  simple past, present, and future tenses.

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Perfect Aspect

• The perfect aspect is used to indicate that an
  activity or event is completed before the basic
  time in the past, present, or future.
• I had finished homework before mom came back
  yesterday.
• I have finished homework.
• I will have finished homework before mom comes
  back.

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Exercise 2 (p. 81)

• Paired work (5 min)

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Progressive Aspect

• The progressive aspect is used to indicate that
  an event or action is in progress at basic time.
• I was taking an exam when you called me.
• I am taking an exam now.
• I will be taking an exam at 10 a.m. tomorrow.

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Verbs not used with progressive aspect

• Some verbs are not used with the progressive
  aspect even when they refer to an action in
  progress at the time of speaking or writing.
  These verbs are not associated with movement and
  visible activity but with mental activity.

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Verbs not used with progressive aspect

• Senses
• see, hear, smell, taste
• Thoughts
• think, know, believe, understand
• Possession
• have, own, belong
• Inclusion
• include, contain, comprise

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Verbs not used with progressive aspect

• Preference and desire
• need, want, prefer, like, love
• Appearance
• Seem, appear, look

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Perfect Progressive Aspect

• The perfect progressive aspect is used to
  indicate that an event or action is both in
  progress and before basic time. As opposed to
  perfect aspect, it emphasizes the length and
  duration of the action.
• I had been doing homework for three hours before
  mom came back.
• I have been doing homework for three hours (up
  until now).
• I will have been doing this project for three
  weeks by this time tomorrow.

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Exercise 7 (p. 86)

• Oral Responses

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Assignment

• Read Chap. 10 Chap. 11