Arctic People

1
Arctic People

• By Martin K.

2
Arctic Region

• The Arctic is very cold in December.
• Summers are very short.
• Ice turns to mud in the summer time.
• A few plants sprout up in the summer time.
  
• The Arctic people live from Alaska to Greenland.

3
Arctic Region

• In the Arctic in December the water turns to ice
  and the ground is very hard. In the Arctic the
  sun never sets.
• The winter iceburgs in Greenland break from
  glaciers or ice sheets on land and are carried
  out to sea.

4
Arctic Region

• Ice sheets are 7ft. (2cm).
• The Arctic people live from Alaska to Greenland.

5
Climate

• In the summer time the temperature rarely goes up
  to 50F (10C).
• In the winter time the temperature often drops to
  40F.

6
Plants

• The plants are grasses, lichen, small shrubs and
  trees.

7
Small Animals

• Some small animals, fish, and birds are dall
  sheep, eagle, bald eagle, and salmon.

8
Big Animals

• The large animals on the land and in the sea are
  whales, walruses, seals, and polar bears.
• The animals that live on land are elk, caribou,
  and musk oxen.

9
Igloo

• The igloos are made out of blocks cut from
  hard-packed snow. The inside of the igloo is made
  out of a low platform covered with twigs and
  caribou skins.
• They lived in families. People slept on piles of
  cozy fur and theres a big fire in the middle. An
  igloo is shaped like an egg.

10
Permanent Houses

• They built the permanent houses out of animal
  parts, seal guts, sod and rock.

11
Food

• The Eskimos had to obtain almost all their food
  by fishing and hunting.
• Men used harpoons to kill seals and sometimes
  whales, and they also hunted caribou and other
  land animals using bows and arrows.
• On water, Eskimos hunters traveled in
  skin-covered kayaks and Umiaks, or large boats
  for whaling.

12
Clothing

• The Inuit invented a hooded coat and knee-high
  boots.
• Their clothes were loose except wrists, neck and
  ankles.
• The Inuit made snow goggles for the bright sun.
• They also made snow shoes.
• They hunted to get animal skins.

13
Family Life

• The children didnt go to school.
• The Arctic tribe lived in groups of about 30
  people. Inuit moved from place to place during
  the year. Inuit had no chiefs, government and no
  tribes. Each group is one big family. They would
  sit together and sing songs and stories.
• The Aleuts were divided into ranks. The chiefs
  couldnt give any orders. The mens jobs were
  hunting. The womens jobs were making clothes and
  making food.

14
European Influence

• The Inuit told the Europeans that there was gold
  there and the Inuit fought the Europeans in the
  Arctic.
• The Europeans were mean because the Russians made
  the slaves.
• The Inuit started trading fur for oil.
• The Eskimo encountered white people.
• In the Arctic Martin Frobisher landed in the
  Arctic looking for gold. Seal fur and Whale oil
  were worth money.

15
Arctic People Today

• The Inuit and Aleuts dont live in tents or
  igloos. Now they live in wooden houses. Rifles
  replaced bows or harpoons.
• Inuit and Aleuts ride snowmobiles instead of dog
  sleds.
• The Arctic tribe still exists.
• The things that are still the same are they hunt
  and keep their old days alive.

16
Other

• Kenojuaks painting celebrates the Arctic people.
• The Inuit played wresting and the head pull.
• They had no medicine.
• They made a sculpture out of ivory and soft white
  stone called soapstone.
• They made masks for ceremonies.
• They used snow shoes to travel.
• They made beaded purses. They made jewelry out of
  shells and feathers. They also made kayaks and
  dog sleds.