Alcohol: Effects on the Body and Behavior

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Alcohol Effects on the Body and Behavior

• Sherri Garcia
• Full Circle Advertising A Look at Teen Alcohol
  Use and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
• CDCs 2005 Science Ambassador Program

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Overview

• Definitions
• Statistics on teen drinking
• Short- and long-term effects of
• alcohol
• Blood alcohol levels
• Introduction to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

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Drinker Definitions(1)

• Binge drinking Four or more drinks for
• a female and five or more drinks for a
• male at one sitting
• Click to see data on
• binge drinking in your state

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Drinker Definitions(2)

• Chronic drinking Daily or almost
• daily alcohol consumption
• (60 drinks per month)
• Click here to see data
• on chronic drinking in your state

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Statistics on Teen Drinking(3)

• Monitoring the Future (MTF) reported
• that in 2004, nearly one in five 8th
• graders, more than one in three 10th
• graders, and nearly one in two 12th
• graders had a drink in the
• past month.

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Teen Statistics (cont.)(4)

• From National Survey on Drug Use and
• Health (2003)
• 10.9 million users ages 12-20
• 7.2 million binge drinkers

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Short-term Effects(5,6)

• Slower reaction times/reflexes
• Heavy sweating
• Blurry vision
• Nausea and vomiting
• Lowered reasoning ability

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Short-term Effects (cont.)(5,6)

• Poor motor coordination
• Slower heart rate/breathing rate
• Increased blood pressure
• Anxiety/restlessness
• Lower inhibition

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Short-term Effects (cont.)(5,6)

• Mental confusion
• Memory loss
• Coma
• Death from respiratory arrest

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Long-term Effects(5,6)

• Nervous system
• Muscles
• Lungs
• Liver

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Long-term Effects (cont.)(5,6)

• Sexual organs
• Brain
• Heart
• Esophagus/stomach

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Studies on Teen Drinking
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Studies on Teen Drinking
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Blood Alcohol Level Whats It All About?(6)

• Blood alcohol level (BAL) depends on
• Weight
• Amount of food and water in
• stomach
• Carbonated alcoholic beverages
• Gender

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Blood Alcohol Level Calculations(7)

• BAL (150/body weight) x (alcohol/50)
• x (ounces consumed) x (0.025)

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Blood Alcohol Level Example

• 175 pound man drinks four 12-ounce
• cans of beer with 4 alcohol content
• BAL (150/175) x (4/50) x (48) x (0.025)
• .86 x .08 x 48 x .025
• .08

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Blood Alcohol Levels So What?(8)

• BAL 0.03 to 0.12 (Euphoria)
• Self-confident/daring
• Short attention span
• Poor judgment
• Fine motor skills impaired

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Blood Alcohol Levels(8)

• BAL 0.09 to 0.25 (Excitement)
• Sleepy
• Memory loss
• Reaction time decreased
• Uncoordinated/loss of balance
• Blurry vision and impaired senses

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Blood Alcohol Levels(8)

• BAL 0.18 to 0.30 (Confusion)
• Confused/dizzy
• Highly emotional
• Cannot see/slurred speech
• Uncoordinated/sleepy
• May not feel pain as easily

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Blood Alcohol Levels(8)

• BAL 0.25 to 0.40 (Stupor)
• Can barely move at all
• Cannot respond to stimuli
• Cannot stand or walk
• Vomiting
• Lapse in and out of consciousness

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Blood Alcohol Levels(8)

• BAL 0.35 to 0.50 (Coma)
• Unconscious
• Reflexes depressed
• Decreased body temperature
• Decreased breathing rate
• Decreased heart rate
• Could die

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Blood Alcohol Levels(8)

• BAL Greater than 0.50 (Death)
• Breathing stops
• That says it all!

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Driving Limits(6)

• Most states set the legal level of
• intoxication at 0.08 to 0.10

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Drinking is a Personal Choice but Who Else is
Affected?

• Friends and family
• Strangers
• Unborn babies
• Fetal alcohol syndrome

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What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?

• When mother drinks, baby drinks
• Alcohol disrupts brain development
• Your turn to research!

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Looking Back

• Drinking has various definitions
• Binge and Chronic
• Drinking can have short- and long-term
• effects
• Slower reaction times
• Memory loss
• Nervous system/liver problems

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Looking Back (cont.)

• Blood alcohol levels are affected by
• weight and gender
• Drinking is a personal choice, but it
• can affect those around you

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Works Cited

• 1. Understanding Alcohol - Glossary online.
  2003. cited 2005 Jul 13. Available from URL
  http//science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/
  alcohol/other/glossary.htm.
• 2. Alcohol Use Chronic Drinking online. 1992.
  cited 2005 Jul 13. Available from URL
  http//www.indicators.ak.org/indicators/alcoholuse
  chronic98F.htm
• 3. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG,
  Schulenberg JE. Overall teen use continues
  gradual decline but use of inhalants rises. Ann
  Arbor (MI) University of Michigan News and
  Information Services December 21, 2004. Table 3.
  cited 2005 Jul 7). Available from URL
  http//www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/04data.htm
  l2004data-drugs.
• 4. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
  Administration. Overview of Findings from the
  2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
  Rockville (MD) Office of Applied Studies 2004.
  p. 14. cited 7 July 2005.

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Works Cited (cont.)

• 5. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol . cited 2005
  July 22. Available from URL http//www.hsc.wvu.e
  du/som/cmed/alcohol/short-term.htm.
• 6. Understanding Alcohol - Information about
  Alcohol. Teachers guide. online. cited 20
  June 2005. Available from URL
  http//science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/
  alcohol/guide/info-alcohol.htm.
• 7. Neuroscience for Kids - Alcohol. Alcohol
  online. cited 2005 Jun 20. Available from
  URL http//faculty.washington.edu/chudler/alco.ht
  ml.
• 8. HowStuffWorks. How Alcohol Works online.
  cited 2005 Jun 20. Available from URL
  http//www.science.howstuffworks.com/alcohol5.htm.