Birds

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Birds

• Part II

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B. External parasites
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1. Red mites appear as tiny red specks.
Symptoms restlessness and scratching and picking
at their feathers.
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Red mite
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2. Feather mite small, gray-colored moving
specks. Symptoms restlessness,
severe scratching, feather picking, and skin
irritation.
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3. Scaly face tunnel into the soft tissues
around the beak and face. Symptoms
severe irritation.
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In scaly face, beaks turn white and chalky
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4. Leg mites tunnel under the scales on the
legs. Symptoms scaly deposits that become
thickened, enlarged, and encrusted.
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C. Bacteria diseases
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1. Parrot fever also called chlamydiosis or
psittacosis. Symptoms nasal discharges, closing
of the eyes, listlessness, appetite loss, weight
loss,
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greenish-colored diarrhea, and labored breathing.
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Can try to treat with antibiotics in feed or
injections. Have to protect yourself, you can get
itpneumonia
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2. Pullorum disease caused by the bacteria
Salmonella pullorum. Symptoms not eating,
sleepiness, white pasting of feces around the
vent.
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3. Colibacillosis caused by the bacteria
Escherichia coli. Symptoms depends on form air
sac produces cheese like inflammations over the
heart, liver and air sacs,
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navel infections causes a reddening, swelling,
mushiness or wetness around the navel, oviduct
infections cause a swelling of the oviduct and a
foul smelling discharge.
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4. Pasterurellosis also called fowl cholera.
Symptoms joint, sinus, nasal, middle ear or
skull infections, fever, depression, anorexia
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ruffed feathers, mucous discharges, and
difficulty breathing. Can be transferred to
humans. Treated with antibiotics.
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5. Bumblefoot associated with staphylococcal
infections. Symptoms feet and joints become hot
and swollen with a thick, grayish white fluid,
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and not walking or clasping onto perch.
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6. Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium.
Usually doesnt show outward signs, just slow
weight loss and deterioration of condition.
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D. Viral Disease
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1. Psittacine Beak and feather disease also
called French molt, viral disease attacks the
immune system.
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Symptoms new feathers do not emerge or may be
deformed, beak and nails may be soft, overgrown,
and lose their pigment
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2. Newcastle disease viral disease, respiratory
difficulty, tremors, wing droop, twisted neck.
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3. Pacheco Parrots disease herpes virus.
Symptoms may become lethargic, regurgitate, and
have diarrhea.
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E. Nutritional Problems
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1. Goiter iodine deficiency. Symptoms swelling
of the thyroid glands in the neck and interfere
with breathing.
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2. Rickets calcium, phosphorus, or Vitamin D3
deficiency. Symptoms lameness, stiff-legged
gait, or a constant resting in the squatting
position, and decreased growth.
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Good natural sources of Vitamin D Cod liver
oil (only very tiny amounts needed)
Good natural sources of Calcium Cuttlebone
Oyster shells Bone meal Spinach Broccoli
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3. Candidiasis Vitamin A deficiency. Early
sign playing with food but not eating.
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4. Obesity too much food, not enough activity
or seeds high in fat. Exercise and go to pellets
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F. Other Problems
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1. Overgrown claws-Use emory board or clippers to
trim.
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2. Feather plucking boredom, diet, needs mate,
lack of bathing
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Toys help
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G. Symptoms of Problems
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1. Sleeping on two legs, normally sleeps on only
one leg 2. Feathers are fluffed out, could be
chilled
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3. A digestive ailment, if feces is runny 4. Not
flying around, no activity 5. Eye discharges or
continually closed are an indication of a cold.
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6. Problem breathing either irregular, wheezing
or noisy 7. Not eating, or very little eating
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Discuss the treatment of bird diseases.
p. 249
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Proper management is important to prevent
diseases and ailments.
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1. Select a healthy bird 2. Place bird in a dry,
warm, draft-free place 3. Subject the bird to
little stress
lovebirds
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4. No other animals should be around 5.
Quarantine and observation period of at least 3-4
weeks before introducing to other birds.
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6. Sanitation is extremely important should
provide fresh food and water
7. Keep perches and cage clean.
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• Reduce stress by giving the bird plenty of room
• Out of cage playtime socialization
• Allow long horizontal flight flight cages

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Flight Cages
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B. Internal parasites Worms 1. Treat with drugs
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C. External parasite 1. Dust with pyrethrum
powder or dipped in an appropriate insecticide 2.
Cages and equipment cleaned and disinfected
thoroughly.
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D. Bacterial Diseases 1. Feeding antibiotic
treated seed or medicine in feed to treat
depending on bacteria.
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E. Viral Diseases 1. Depending on disease there
are no treatments for some and other need
vaccination for prevention
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F. Nutritional Problems 1. Goiter deficiency of
iodine in diet feed iodine blocks
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2. Rickets deficiency/ imbalance of calcium or
phosphorous, feed oyster shell or coarse
limestone and supplement of Vitamin D3
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3. Candidiasis- deficiency of Vitamin A. give
vitamin supplements
4. Obesity- change of diet and exercise.
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Scaly leg mite treatment

• Apply vaseline over encrusted deposits to seal
  air holes used by mites

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• If a bird is showing signs of illness and is
  resting with its feather fluffed out.
• ? Position a light bulb near the cage to warm the
  temperature to 85 90 F

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How to encourage preening

• Preening to clean, straighten and fluff
  feathers
• Removes feather dust and dirt, prevents feather
  plucking
• Can be encouraged by spraying a mist of water
  over the bird

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Training birds to talk

• Important to keep stress to a minimum
• Training sessions lasting about 15 minutes at the
  same time every day
• Should be conducted by one person

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Clipping Wings

• Clip flight feathers to keep birds from escaping
  when out of cage

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cockatiel
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Common Pet Birds

• Note that like most other pets, the manner in
  which the animal is raised, handled, and kept has
  a profound effect on the temperament of the
  animal.

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Budgerigars (Parakeets)

• Native to Australia
• Can be taught to mimic sounds and words to do
  tricks
• Live 5-15 years
• small but are very active, energetic, and lively
  birds.

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RingNeck Parakeet

• Native to India, Asia
• Size Small 17 inches (including tail)
• Lifespan 25-30 years
• Smart active
• Ringnecks have the potential to speak with
  amazing clarity. Additionally, they are adept at
  learning a great number of words and phrases,
  making them true masters at mimicry.
• Ranked in the top five of talking birds

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http//www.youtube.com/watch?vqWjNhUzomKA
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Cockatoo

• Over 40 species
• Native to Australia, Indonesia New Guinea
• Cockatoos make exceptional companion birds, if
  their needs and requirements are adequately met. 
  They are affectionate, funny, comical,
  mischievous and generally easy to get along with

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Sulphur-Crested
Moluccan
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Black Palm
Leadbeater
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African Grey

• Native to the Rainforest in
• Central South Africa
• High-maintenance pets
• At least 3 hours of out of cage
• interaction

Bird 800-2000
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African Grey

• Irene Peperbergs extensive research with captive
  African Greys, especially the one known as Alex,
  have provided evidence that these parrots are
  capable of associating human words with their
  meanings
• some believe that they have the equivalent
  understanding of a human toddler and the
  cognitive ability of a 12-year-old human child.

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• Einstein
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v7rfGEtALHYs
• Alex
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v7yGOgs_UlEc

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Cockatiel

• smallest of the Cockatoo family
• Native to Australia
• Live 10-20 years
• Can be demanding of attention from owner
• Whistle and mimic noises

Bird 75 - 200
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Sun Conure

• - Medium-sized brightly colored
• parrot native to northeastern
• South America
• Popular pets due to bright color ability to
  talk.
• Inquisitive temperaments demand a great deal of
  attention from their owners, and can sometimes be
  loud

Bird 600-1200
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Amazon Parrot

• Large parrot
• Native habitat South America, Mexico and
  Caribbean
• Predominantly green
• Can mimic human speech and other sound
• Lifespan 40-80 years

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Macaw

• Native to Mexico, Central South America
• Most species are associated with the Rainforest
• Live 50-100 years
• thrive on frequent interaction and attention from
  their owners, and a lack of this can lead to
  their mental and physical suffering.

Scarlet Macaw
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Finches

• Small, beautiful, active birds that make great
  pets for someone who likes birds but doesn't have
  time for the social interaction that a parrot
  demands
• Social must be kept with other finches
• Lifespan 5-10 yrs

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• Parakeets 10 - 25
• Canaries 25 - 150
• Finches 10 - 100
• African Grey 800 - 2000
• Cockatoo 800 - 5000
• Cockatiels 75 - 200
• Macaws 1200 - 5000
• Amazons 800 - 2000

http//www.goldencockatoo.com/
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The End