WALL SECTION

1
WALL SECTION

• CARMEL HIGH SCHOOL
• CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

2
WALL SECTION

• FOOTING
• MADE OF CONCRETE
• INGREDIENTS OF CONCRETE ARE
• PORTLAND CEMENT, SAND, GRAVEL, WATER
• MINIMUM PROPORTION 1 3 5 DRY INGREDIENTS
• 1 PART CEMENT 3 PARTS SAND 5 PARTS GRAVEL
• PORTLAND CEMENT PURCHASED IN 90-92 LB. BAGS
• ARCHITECTS SYMBOL FOR CONCRETE (draw example)
• FHA
• FEDERAL HOUSING ADMINISTRATION
• WIDTH 2X THICKNESS OF FOUNDATION (draw example)
• HEIGHT EQUAL TO THICKNESS OF FOUNDATION

3
WALL SECTION

• REINFORCING RODS
• Also called RE-RODS
• Also called RE-BARS
• Made of STEEL
• DEFORMED ROD
• RAISED DIAMOND PATTERN
• RAISED RING PATTERN
• SIZES
• 3 ACTUALLY 3/8 DIAMETER
• 4 ACTUALLY 1/2 DIAMETER
• 5 ACTUALLY 5/8 DIAMETER

4
WALL SECTION

• UNDISTURBED SOIL
• Architects symbol for EARTH
• Slang term
• HARDPAN

5
WALL SECTION

• FOUNDATION
• CONCRETE BLOCK
• STANDARD
• ACTUAL SIZE 7 5/8 X 7 5/8 X 15 5/8
• LAID UP SIZE 8 X 8 X 16
• SOLID POURED CONCRETE
• MINIMUM 8 THICK
• TREATED WOOD
• COMBINATION OF 2X AND PLYWOOD
• CHEMICALLY TREATED TO PREVENT ROT, MOLD, MILDEW
  AND INSECT INFESTATION

6
WALL SECTION

• MORTAR JOINT
• 3/8 THICK
• MADE OF MORTAR
• INGREDIENTS
• SAND, LIME, PORTLAND CEMENT, WATER
• BED JOINT also called HEAD JOINT

7
WALL SECTION

• ANCHOR BOLT
• MADE OF STEEL
• SIZES
• 3/8 DIAMETER
• 1/2 DIAMETER
• MINIMUM 2 ANCHOR BOLTS PER SILL PLATE
• MAXIMUM SPACING 8 O.C.

8
WALL SECTION

• SILL PLATE
• CHEMICALLY TREATED WOOD
• SIZES
• 2 X 4 ACTUAL SIZE 1 1/2 X 3 1/2
• 2 X 6 ACTUAL SIZE 1 1/2 X 5 1/2
• 2 X 8 ACTUAL SIZE 1 1/2 X 7 1/4

9
WALL SECTION

• WATERPROOFING
• Also called DAMPROOFING
• POLYETHYLENE
• SHEET PLASTIC
• SPRAYED ASPHALT
• BLACKJACKING
• MORTAR
• PARGING
• SILICONE

10
WALL SECTION

• DRAIN TILE
• MINIMUM 4 I.D.
• INSIDE DIAMETER
• PERFORATED
• CORRUGATED
• PVC
• POLYVINYLCHLORIDE
• ABS
• ACRYTILE BUTADIENE STYRENE
• CRUSHED STONE
• PEA GRAVEL

11
WALL SECTION

• COVE
• MADE OF MORTAR

12
WALL SECTION

• FLOOR JOIST HEADER
• SIZES
• 2 X 6
• 2 X 8
• 2 X 10 ACTUAL SIZE 1 1/2 X 9 1/4
• 2 X 12 ACTUAL SIZE 1 1/2 X 11 1/4

13
WALL SECTION

• FLOOR JOIST
• SIZES
• 2 X 6
• 2 X 8
• 2 X 10
• 2 X 12
• 12 O.C.
• ON CENTER
• 16 O.C.
• 24 O.C.
• FLOOR TRUSS
• 19.2 O.C.

14
WALL SECTION

• CRAWL SPACE
• MINIMUM 24 HIGH
• EARTH FLOOR may be COVERED WITH
• PEA GRAVEL
• VAPOR BARRIER
• POLYETHYLENE
• MINIMUM 4 MIL THICK
• MILLIMETERS (mm)
• SHOULD BE VENTED
• MINIMUM 1 SQ. FT. VENT for every 150 SQ. FT of
  CRAWL SPACE

15
WALL SECTION

• GRADE LINE
• MINIMUM 8 FROM GRADE LINE TO FIRST STRUCTURAL
  WOOD
• ARCHITECTS SYMBOL FOR EARTH
• FROST LINE
• Also called FROST DEPTH
• Depth to which MOISTURE will freeze in the ground
• (footing must be below frost line)

16
WALL SECTION

• SUBFLOOR
• PLYWOOD (PLY)
• 4 WIDE X 8 LONG
• 5/8, 3/4 THICK
• GRADES
• A CLEAR (FURNITURE GRADE)
• B KNOTS REMOVED and replaced with a PATCH
• C TIGHT KNOTS
• D LOOSE KNOTS
• EXTERIOR GRADE GLUE (X) CDX
• ORIENTED STRAND BOARD (OSB)
• SE SQUARE EDGE (draw example)
• T G TONGUE AND GROOVE (draw example)

17
WALL SECTION

• SOLE PLATE
• 2 X 4
• 2 X 6
• STUD
• 2 X 4
• 16 O.C.
• 2 X 6
• 24 O.C.

18
WALL SECTION

• TOP PLATE
• 2 X 4
• 2 X 6
• TIE PLATE
• 2 X 4

19
WALL SECTION

• INSULATION SHEATHING
• RIGID INSULATION
• 4 X 8 SHEETS, 4 X 9
• FIBERBOARD
• VEGATABLE FIBERS
• EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE
• BEADBOARD
• EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE
• BLUEBOARD
• URETHANE

20
WALL SECTION

• INSULATION
• ARCHITECTS SYMBOL
• FIBERGLASS
• BLANKETS
• CONTINUOUS ROLL
• 3 1/2 THICK
• 5 1/2 THICK
• BATTS
• PRE CUT to 4 AND 8 LENGHTS
• May be covered with KRAFT PAPER
• RESISTIVITY TO HEAT TRANSFER
• R VALUE

21
WALL SECTION

• CEILING JOIST
• 2 X 6
• 2 X 8
• 16 O.C.
• (draw with corner cut to match slope of rafter)

22
WALL SECTION

• RAFTER
• 2 X 6
• 2 X 8
• 16 O.C.

23
WALL SECTION

• RAFTER (DETAIL DRAWING)
• PLUMB CUT
• RAFTER MEASURING LINE
• BIRDS MOUTH
• SEAT CUT
• CHEEK CUT, HEEL CUT
• RAFTER TAIL

24
WALL SECTION

• ROOF FRAMING TERMINOLOGY (DETAIL DRAWING)
• BUILDING SPAN (BS)
• ACTUAL RUN (AR)
• RAFTER RUN (RR)
• RISE
• OVERHANG (OH)

25
WALL SECTION

• RIDGEBOARD
• 1 X
• 2 X
• ROOF DECKING
• PLYWOOD
• ORIENTED STRAND BOARD
• 7/16 THICK, 1/2

26
WALL SECTION

• ATTIC INSULATION
• LOOSE FILL (Blown in, bags)
• CELLULOSE (ground up newspaper sprayed with a
  fire retardant)
• FIBERGLASS
• BLANKET (FIBERGLASS)
• BATT (FIBERGLASS)
• R-VALUE (____Min.)
• ARCHITECTS SYMBOL

27
WALL SECTION

• FASCIA
• 1 X
• 2 X
• SOFFIT
• PLYWOOD, 3/8 thick
• ALUMINUM
• VINYL

28
WALL SECTION

• BUILDING FELT
• 3 WIDE ROLL
• 15
• SYMBOL FOR POUND
• 30
• 2 MINIMUM OVERLAP