Psychology Applied to Psychological Disorders

1
Psychology Applied toPsychological Disorders

• Chapter 3

2
History of Clinical Psych.

• How did clinical psychology begin?
• How did WWI affect the development of clinical
  psychology?
• How did WWII impact clinical psychology?

3
Training and Licensing

• Most Ph.D. programs in Clinical or Counseling
  Psychology follow scientist-practitioner model,
  but some emphasize a practitioner-scientist
  model.
• In GA, cant call yourself a psychologist unless
  you have a Ph.D. or Psy.D., have completed two
  exams (state and national), and have completed
  post-doctoral work.

4
Clinical Assessment

• Interviews are common way to gather info. about
  the problem(s).
• Tests are used in certain situations in clinical
  practice, and are again an attempt to gather more
  info.

5
Intelligence Tests

• Stanford-Binet
• Developed first
• Primarily used with children
• Less popular now than in past
• Wechsler Scales
• WAIS for adults
• WISC for children
• WPSI for young children

6
Personality Tests

• Objective Tests
• MMPI
• Extensive validity testing, norming, reliability
• 9 scales address problems in personality
  functioning
• Projective Tests
• Rorschach Inkblot Test
• Standard scoring system is Exner system
• Thematic Apperception Test

7
Treatment Psychodynamic

• Psychoanalysis
• Focus is on complete exploration of unconscious
  and personality functioning
• Not as commonly used today
• Individual Psychology
• Adler focused more on social motivation than
  Freud discussed inferiority complex
• Analytical Psychology (Jung)
• Collective unconscious archetypes

8
Treatment Psychodynamic

• Object Relations
• Focuses on past disturbance of relationships with
  primary caregiver reparenting
• Interpersonal Therapy
• Focus is on interaction and process between
  therapist and client
• Relationship is used as a tool for exploration of
  patterns, developing new behaviors

9
Treatment Behavioral

• Classical conditioning
• Systematic desensitization
• Works well for phobias
• Operant conditioning
• Token economy
• Assertiveness and social skills training
• Exposure techniques

10
Treatment Cognitive

• Cognitive-behavioral is most common
• Examination of thoughts, errors in thinking
• Focus on how thoughts lead to behavior and how
  the connection can be changed
• Becks Cognitive Therapy
• Elliss REBT

11
Treatment Phenomenological

• Client-centered
• Developed by Carl Rogers
• Unconditional positive regard, empathy,
  congruence
• Existential
• Death, meaninglessness, isolation, freedom
• Focus is often on finding meaning, making
  choices, courage to be in relationships

12
Research

• Clinical and Counseling Psychologists may do
  research into treatment, etc
• What does research show about the effectiveness
  of psychotherapy?