Renewing the Sectional Struggle

1
Chapter 18

• Renewing the Sectional Struggle

2
Intro

• Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo
• Ended war with Mexico
• Wilmot Proviso
• Prohibited slavery in territory acquired in
  Mexican War

3
Popular Sovereignty Panacea

• Lewis CassFather of Popular Sovereignty
• People should determine the status of slavery

4
General Taylor

• Hero of Buena Vista
• North distrusted Taylor-formed Free-Soil Partyno
  slavery in territories
• Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men

5
California Gold

• Gold discovered in 1848Sutters Mill
• Lawless men, outburst of crime
• Few got rich---store owners made more than most
  miners

6
Sectional Balance

• 15 free states/15 slave states
• Underground railroad
• Harriet Tubmanconductor-Moses
• 1,000 slaves lost a year
• More gained freedom by purchase---principle

7
Senatorial Giants

• Henry Clay- Kentucky- Great Pacificator 3
  Compromises-Missouri, 1850,
• Stephen A. Douglas- Illinois- Little Giant
• John C. Calhoun-South Caroline- Great Nullifier
• Daniel Webster- North- 7th of March speechNorth
  would lose millions if South seceded

8
Deadlock Danger

• William H SewardNY antislavery

9
Congressional Logjam

• Taylor died Millard Fillmore became president
• 2nd Era of Good Feelings
• Compromise of 1850
• CA Free State
• No more slave trade in Washington D.C.
• Rest of Mexican Cession would use popular
  sovereignty to decide slavery
• Stricter fugitive slave law

10
Compromise Scales

• North got better end of Compromise of 1850
• CA tipped Northern balance
• TX got 10 million to put toward debt
• Fugitive Slave Law Bloodhound Bill

11
.

• William Lloyd Garrison- against slavery
• Fugitive Slave Law caused problems in North
  South

12
Defeat Doom

• DemocratsFranklin Pierce
• WhigsWinfield Scott
• Ended Whigs

13
President Pierce

• Secretary of War-Jefferson Davis
• US interested in Panama Nicaragua
• GB interested in Nicaragua too
• Conflicted with Monroe Doctrine

14
.

• Clayton-Bulwer Treatyneither would gain control
  over isthmian waterway
• America became a Pacific power
• Commodore Matthew C. Perry- started relationship
  with Japan

15
Coveted Cuba

• South wanted Cuba-more slavery
• Polk offered 100 million for it
• Considered seizure
• Ostend Manifesto 120 million
• Wanted Canada again
• Europe in Crimean War

16
Gadsden Purchase

• Easiest way to complete RR was a southern route
• Gadsden made deal
• Midwestnot good Indian problems
• Southwesttroops to guard
• No mountains
• 10 million

17
Kansas-Nebraska Scheme

• Slavery settled by popular sovereignty
• Repeal Missouri Compromise
• Could shatter Compromise of 1850

18
Congress Legislates a Civil War

• Kansas-Nebraska Act wrecked 2 compromises
• Republican Party formed
• Started as a protest against slavery