SSgt Jason F. Seibel

1
SSgt Jason F. Seibel

• 341 SSPTS/SFTC DSN 7582
• COURSE M4 TRQC
• DATE 23 N0v 04 04
• TIME 0500 Hours
• 1. CLEAR WEAPONS AND PLACE ON TABLE WITH
  EJECTION PORT UP.
• 2. YOU MUST HAVE THE FOLLOWING EQUIPMENT WITH
  YOU IN THE CLASSROOM.
• - Working RED Lens Flashlight.
• - Gas Mask/Chem Gloves w/inserts
• - Web Gear/Flak Vest/Helmet/Ear Plugs
• - Cold/Wet Weather Gear if Needed.

2
Raise your hand if these apply

• If you are pregnant, or think you may be
• If you are on a profile or medication
• If you feel ill, and need to go see a doctor
• If you are off of PRP, or on the Do Not Arm
  list
• If you feel youre not rested enough to handle a
  firearm
• If you have consumed alcohol within the last 8
  hours
• If you are retiring or separating within the next
  120 days
• If you are PCSing within the next 90 days

3
AF Form 522
341 SSPTS/SFTC
632-6422
LEAVE BLANK
You Sign
Todays Date
LEAVE BLANK
M4 TRQC
LEAVE BLANK
SSgt Jason F. Seibel
LEAVE BLANK
LEAVE BLANK
4
Overview

• Documentation
• Weapons Safety
• Classroom Safety / Clearing Procedures
• Arming, Use of Force, and ROE
• Clearing Barrel Attendant Training
• M4 Description
• M4 Characteristics
• M68 Close Combat Optic
• CWDE Firing Techniques

5
Overview

• Marksmanship Fundamentals
• Rapid Fire
• Automatic Fire
• Disassemble / Inspection / Assemble
• Operating Weapons at Night
• Target Detection at Night
• Principles of Night Vision

6
Overview

• Target Engagement at Night
• Night Vision Equipment
• Immediate Remedial Actions
• Marksmanship Fundamentals
• Course of Fire Range Safety Briefing

7
Weapons Safety

• Treat all weapons as if they were loaded
• Keep rifle pointed level down range
• Obey all range commands / Do not anticipate
• If not sure of commands, ASK an Instructor
• STOP shooting on Cease Fire command
• This is your only warning. Failure to comply
  will be means for immediate dismissal

8
Weapons Safety

• Identify your target and what is beyond it
• Keep your finger off the trigger until you are
  ready to engage the target
• Always ensure to properly clear your weapon after
  completing a phase of fire
• During reduced visibility phases of fire, clear
  your weapon with a flashlight

9
Classroom Safety

• Dont point your weapon at anyone in the
  classroom
• Handle weapons only when told to do so
• No HORSEPLAY of any kind
• Dont anticipate instructions
• If you do not understand a set of instructions,
  ASK an instructor

10
Clearing Procedures

• Attempt to place selector lever on safe
• Remove magazine
• Inspect chamber and upper receiver
• Lock bolt to the rear if in forward position
• Ensure your weapon is on safe

11
341 SSPTSCombat ArmsClearing Barrel Attendant
Training
12
Overview

• Clearing Barrel Attendant Responsibilities
• Clearing Barrel Attendant Procedures
• M16 Series
• M9
• M203
• M240
• M249

13
Clearing Barrel Attendant Responsibilities

• Ensure individuals desiring to clear weapons
  enter and exit the clearing zone only upon his or
  her direction
• Ensure individuals proceed directly to the
  clearing barrel after receiving their weapon from
  the armorer
• Ensure all personnel approach the clearing barrel
  with shoulder weapons are at PORT ARMS and
  pistols are at RAISED PISTOL

14
Clearing Barrel Attendant Responsibilities

• Ensure individuals keep the muzzle of their
  weapon in the clearing barrel aiming point during
  all weapons loading and clearing procedures
• Ensuring weapons, munitions and related equipment
  issued, are returned to the armorer
• NOTE
• SAFETY GLASSES ARE AVAILABLE BUT ARE NOT REQUIRED

15
Clearing Barrel Attendant Procedures

• The clearing procedures for all weapons are
  posted on the wall behind the clearing barrel
• When in doubt, LOOK UP
• Ensure personnel stand by and wait for the order
  to PROCEED before entering the clearing area
• Do not allow unauthorized personnel to walk
  through the clearing area while weapon clearing
  is in progress

16
Clearing Barrel Attendant Procedures

• Ensure all weapons are CLEAR before allowing
  personnel to LOAD or TURN IN.
• REMEMBER AN UNAUTHORIZED DISCHARGE MAY FALL ON
  YOU AS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY ENSURE THE WEAPON IS
  SAFE AND CLEAR

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Proper Clearing Barrel Configuration
RAISED PISTOL
PORT ARMS
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Proper Clearing Barrel Configuration
CLEARING PROCEDURES FOR ALL WEAPONS
CLEARING PROCEDURES
19
Conclusion

• All information contained in this briefing is IAW
  AFMAN 31-229 Dated 12 May 2004

20
Arming, Use of Force, and Rules of Engagement
21
Overview

• USAF Use of Force
• Use of Force Policy
• Special Considerations
• Rules for the Use of Force
• Rules of Engagement
• Theater Specific ROE (OIF/OEF)
• Scenarios

22
USAF Use of Force Policy

• Reference AFI 31-207, Arming and Use of Force
  by AF Personnel
• In cases warranting the use of force, you must
  use only that force reasonably necessary to reach
  your objective
• You must base your use of force option on the
  actions of the individual with whom you are in
  contact

23
Special Considerationsfor the Use of Force

• Persons who use excessive force may be subject
  to disciplinary action for violation of Article
  92, of the UCMJ and LOAC
• When possible give an order to HALT (in the
  local language) before firing a shot
• Do not fire shots if they are likely to endanger
  innocent bystanders

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Special Considerationsfor the Use of Force
(cont)

• Under hostile attack in protection and recovery
  operations involving nuclear weapons or lethal
  chemical agents, the presence of innocent
  bystanders or hostages must not deter you from
  stopping the attack through all means at your
  disposal
• When you fire a firearm, fire it with the intent
  of rendering the targeted person or persons
  incapable of continuing the activity or course of
  behavior that led you to shoot

25
Rules for the Use of Force

• ESCALATION OF FORCE When possible, use the
  following degrees of force against hostile
  actors
• SHOUT Verbal warnings for HALT IN NATIVE
  LANGUAGE WHEN DEPLOYED
• SHOVE Physically restrain, block access, or
  detain
• SHOW Your weapon and demonstrate intent to use
  it
• SHOOT To remove the threat of death/serious
  bodily injury or to protect designated property

26
Rules of Engagement

• Directives issued by competent military
  authority which delineate the circumstances and
  limitations under which United States forces will
  initiate, or continue combat engagement with
  other forces encountered
• Self-defense is an inherent right
• Rules of engagement differ from country to
  country based on the operation mission

27
Rules of Engagement

• Reference CJCSI 3121.01A Standing Rules of
  Engagement for US Forces and AFMAN 10-100,
  Airmans Manual
• Command authorities issue ROE that describe
  circumstances and limitations for military
  operations
• ROE are incorporated in every operations plan
  and operations order

28
Rules of Engagement

• ROE ensure operations follow national policy
  goals, mission, requirements, and the rule of law
• Understand, remember and apply the Law of Armed
  Conflict (LOAC) and ROE
• ROE questions and concerns are elevated up the
  chain of command for resolution
• Failure to comply with ROE may be punishable IAW
  UCMJ

29
Rules of Engagment

• In armed conflict, LOAC and ROE specifically
  tailored for each mission or area of
  responsibility (AOR) provide guidance on the use
  of force
• US standing ROE is to implement guidance for use
  of force application in mission and self defense
• Specific ROE are briefed in the AOR

30
Theater Specific ROE(OIF/OEF)

• HOSTILE ACTORS You may engage persons who
  commit hostile acts or show hostile intent with
  the minimum force necessary to counter the
  hostile act or demonstrated hostile intent and to
  protect US Forces
• You may use force, up to and including deadly
  force, against hostile actors
• In self-defense
• To protect others as designated
• In defense of your unit, or other US Forces
• To prevent the theft, damage, or destruction of
  firearms, explosives, ammunition, or property
  designated by your commander as vital to national
  security

31
ROE Scenario 1

• Scenario While monitoring the flight line, you
  see an unidentified individual running toward one
  of the parked aircraft. He is carrying (what
  looks like) a large backpack. What should you
  do? What force are you authorized to use to stop
  the individual and protect the aircraft?

32
ROE Scenario 1

• Answer You should use a graduated response
  (shout, shove, show, shoot) employing the minimum
  amount of force necessary to stop and detain the
  unidentified individual trespassing on the flight
  line. If the individual does not respond to
  shouting or showing your weapon, deadly force may
  be used to prevent him from sabotaging the parked
  aircraft (resource vital to national security).

33
ROE Scenario 2

• Scenario While at the main gate, an angry mob
  of local nationals approaches. They are chanting
  anti-Western slogans and waving signs. They stop
  short of the base gate and appear content to
  demonstrate at a distance. What, if anything,
  should you do?

34
ROE Scenario 2

• Answer Given the facts, there is no evidence
  the crowd intends to do anything other than
  demonstrate peacefully. This may be a good time
  to alert command and make sure local authorities
  are aware of the situation if things get out of
  hand. At this time, there is no need to exercise
  any level of force to disperse or otherwise
  control the crowd.

35
ROE Scenario 3

• Scenario Same facts as Scenario 2, but
  suddenly the crowd stars forward toward your gate
  with the apparent intent to force their way onto
  the base. The crowd includes women and school
  aged children. Now, what do you do?

36
ROE Scenario 3

• Answer Whenever faced with a situation
  requiring the use of force, if able, try to use a
  graduated response (shout, shove, show, shoot) to
  counter the threat. Time permitting, you should
  be able to disperse the crowd using non-lethal
  means without resorting to the use of deadly
  force. If riot control agents (RCA) are approved
  for use in your AO, they may be used to disperse
  the crowd.

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Summary

• USAF Use of Force
• Use of Force Policy
• Special Considerations
• Rules for the Use of Force
• Rules of Engagement
• Theater Specific ROE (OIF/OEF)
• Scenarios

38

• Questions?

39
M4 Description

• Light Weight 6.43 lbs. Unloaded w/o sling
• 6.68 lbs Unloaded
  w/sling
• 7.50 lbs Loaded w/o
  sling
• 7.75 lbs. Loaded
  w/sling
• Gas Operated
• Air-Cooled
• Magazine Fed
• Shoulder Fired Weapon
• Fired in Semi-Automatic or Three Rd Burst

40
M4 Description

• Length 33.0 inches w/buttstock extended
• 29.75 inches w/buttstock closed
• Barrel Length 14.5 inches w/o compensator
• 15.5 inches
  w/compensator
• Rifling 1 twist per 7 inches
• Chamber pressure 52,000 psi
• Constructed of Steel, Fiberglass/Nylon, Aluminum

41
M4 Characteristics

• Muzzle Velocity 2970 fps
• Rates of Fire
• Sustained 12 to 15 rds per minute
• Rapid (Semi) 45 rds per minute
• Rapid (Burst) 90 rds per minute
• Cyclic 700 to 970 rds per minute
• Maximum range 3600 meters
• Max. Effective range Point Target 500 meters
• Area Target 600 meters

42
M4 Characteristics

• - Buttstock
• - Closed Close Quarters Battle (CQB)
• - ¼ Open Use with Second Chance Vest AND
  Cold
• Weather Gear
• - ¾ Open Use with Second Chance Vest OR
  Cold
• Weather Gear
• - Fully Open Normal Operations
• - Back Up Iron Sight (BUIS)
• - Same as M16A2, EXCEPT for elevation knob

43
M68 Close Combat Optic

• Reflex (non-telescopic) sight
• Two eyes open method of sighting
• No centering or focusing required BEYOND 50
  METERS

WITHIN 50 METERS
BEYOND 50 METERS
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M68 Close Combat Optic

• - Anti-reflective coated lens system
• - Length (sight) 4.9 inches
• - Weight (sight) 6.2 ounces
• - Weight (quick release) 3.5 ounces
• - Battery Life 75 to 500 hour average
• - Dot Diameter 3 MOA (Minute Of Angle)
• 2.2 cm at 25M
• 8.8 cm at 100M
• 26.4 cm at 300M

45
M68 Close Combat Optic

• - Torque Knob
• - Mount
• - Front Lens Cover
• - Rear Lens Cover
• - Rotary Switch (10 Positions 1Off, 2Night,
  3-10Day)
• - Electric Red Dot
• - Battery Cap
• - Battery

46
M68 Close Combat Optic
ELEVATION/WINDAGE CAP SCREW
ROTARY SWITCH
BATTERY CAP
REAR LENS COVER
FRONT LENS COVER
47
CWDE Firing Techniques

• Vision/Stock Weld is impaired
• Simple tasks become more difficult
• Attempt to keep weapon sight vertical
• Canting will change strike of bullet on target
• Minimum effects at 75m or less
• Greater distances require adjusted aiming point
• All other fundamentals still apply

48
Rapid Fire Fundamentals

• Rapid Fire
• Used to engage multiple targets quickly
• Provides suppressive fire
• Some degree of accuracy will be sacrificed for
  speed
• Magazine changes done quickly (3-5 seconds) to
  maintain fire superiority
• Tactical situation will always determine the rate
  of fire

49
Burst Fire Fundamentals

• Burst Fire
• Used to gain initial fire superiority
• Engage multiple targets at a close range
• Usually only the first shot will hit the exact
  aiming point
• Use support when possible, sandbags/bi-pods
• Grip weapon firmly
• Pull rifle tight into shoulder

50
Burst Fire Fundamentals

• Rules Against Burst Fire
• Ammo is in short supply
• Engaging single targets when time allows for
  1-2 well aimed shots
• Engaging widely spaced multiple targets
• Distance to single target is beyond 50 meters
• Cannot fire from stable support
• IF YOU DONT NEED IT, DONT USE IT

51
Inspection

• Disassemble
• Inspection of Weapon
• BMW CLS
• Bore obstructions
• Assemble
• Function Check

52
Night Time Operations

• Operating the weapon at night
• Functions such as loading, reloading, clearing,
  and correcting stoppages become difficult
• Performance of functions become slow, awkward,
  and even frustrating
• Need to be familiar with functions by feel
• Knowledge will increase survivability rate

53
Night Time Operations

• Target Detection at Night - The ability to detect
  enemy targets by any means available
• Enemy muzzle flash
• Flashlights
• Lighted cigarette
• Shadows and movement

54
Night Time Operations

• Principles of Night Vision
• Dark adaptation
• Night vision capability reaches maximum in about
  30 minutes
• Any amount and color of light will degrade night
  vision to some degree

55
Night Time Operations

• Principles of Night Vision Continued
• Off-center vision
• The light sensitive part of the eye is not used
  for focusing when sufficient light is unavailable
• Moving the eyes focus away from the object you
  want to see allows the light sensitive part of
  the eyes to be used

56
Night Time Operations

• Principles of Night Vision Continued
• Scanning
• The short, abrupt, irregular movement of your
  eyes around an object or area

57
Night Time Operations

• Target Engagement at Night
• Successful target engagement at night without the
  use of NVDs or tracer ammunition, requires
  accurate and well practiced pointing techniques
• A natural tendency is to point and shoot high

58
Night Time Operations

• Target Engagement at Night Continued
• Three reasons for aligning your focal point below
  the target
• Natural tendency to shoot high
• When you attempt to align the weapon on the
  target, your focus is aligned horizontally
• Any low shot in line with target is better than
  any high or wide shot

59
Night Time Operations

• Target Engagement at Night Continued
• Tracer ammunition aids in determining your
  direction of fire
• Night Vision Devices
• AN/PVS-4 - 3.5lbs, 400m starlight, 600m moonlight
• AN/PAQ-4 - Infrared, Range of 150m

60
Stoppages Malfunctions

• For all malfunctions and stoppages, you will
  first apply immediate actions
• S.P.O.R.T.S.
• If immediate action does not work, apply remedial
  action
• If this doesnt work, then raise your hand

61
Fundamentals of Firing

• Stock Weld
• Sight Alignment
• Sight Picture
• Breath Control
• Trigger Squeeze/Control
• Follow Through

62
COURSE OF FIRE

• Phase I Battle Sight Zero and Grouping
• Phase II Day Burst
• Phase III CWDE
• Phase IV Weak Hand Firing
• Phase V Day Rapid Fire Evaluation
• Phase VI Quick Reaction Drills
• Phase VII Night Semiautomatic Fire
• Phase VIII Night Burst Fire
• Phase IX Night Vision Devices

63
COURSE OF FIRE

• Phase I Battle Sight Zero and Grouping

Elevation 1 click One Square
Windage 3 clicks 0ne Square

• Qual. Standards One 4cm shot group (desired)

64
Phase II Day Burst
456

• Qual. Standard Two hits on each target.

456
123
123
65
Phase III CWDE

• Qual. Standards 4 of 6 targets hit

4
3
2
5
1
6
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Phase IV Weak Hand

• Qual. Standards 3 of 6 targets hit

4
3
2
5
1
6
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Phase V Day Rapid Fire

• Phase V Day Rapid Fire Evaluation
• Prone unsupported (70 sec)
• Kneeling supported (70 sec)
• Over barricade (80 sec)

7
10
5
8
6
9
2

• Qual Standard 18 of 30 hits
• to Qualify.
• 25 of 30 hits for Expert.
• Pass all phases first time.

3
4
1
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Phase VI Quick Reaction Drills

• Qual. Standards 7 hits inside 10 inch circle

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Phase VII Night Semiautomatic

• Qual. Standards 5 hits on target

70
Phase VIII Night Burst

• Qual. Standards 4 hits on target

71
Phase IX Night Vision Devices

• Qual. Standards 7 hits on target

72
Range Safety

• Follow Tower Operator instructions
• Do not anticipate commands
• Do not handle weapons until told to do so
• I.e. - Sight adjustments
• Do not charge your weapon until the command of
  fire is given
• Who can give the command to Cease Fire?
• What is a light recoil?

73
WEAPONS CLEANING

• You will clean weapon here at CATM.
• We will inspect weapons before you leave.
• You have 30 minutes to clean weapons.
• Classroom, range and cleaning room will be
  cleaned prior to your leaving.

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THATS ALL FOR THE CLASS!

• If you have any questions about the weapon or
  course of fire, ask your instructor.
• Good Luck.