The Human Heart

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The Human Heart
Dave Loosli EDTECH 597
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General Anatomy

• Regions of the Heart
• Base and Apex (point of heart)
• Left Ventricle
• Right Heart
• Pulmonary Pump (blood to lungs)
• Left Heart
• Systematic Pump (pressures of 100-120 mmHg)

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Difference between the Right and Left Hearts

• Right Heart
• Doesnt extend into the apex
• Thinner walls

• Left Heart
• Extends into the apex
• Thicker walls
• Higher pressure

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Difference between the Right and Left Hearts

• Right Heart
• Doesnt extend into the apex
• Thinner walls

• Left Heart
• Extends into the apex
• Thicker walls
• Higher pressure

True or False The Right Heart has thicker walls
than the Left Heart?
FALSE The Left Heart has thicker walls.
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Tissue Layers of the Heart

• Endocardium
• Myocardium
• Pericardium
• visceral pericardium (epicardium)
• parietal pericardium (pericardial sac)
• pericardial fluid) between pericardial sac and
  epicardium)

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Tissue Layers of the Heart

• Endocardium
• Myocardium
• Pericardium

Name the three layers of the heart
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Pathway of Blood Flow through the
Heart(Unoxygenated)

• Inferior Vena Cava and Superior Vena Cava
• (also coronary sinus the venous return from
  coronary veins)
• Right Atrium and Right Auricle
• Tricuspid Valve
• chordae tendonae
• tendon cords attached to tricuspid valve to
  prevent blood from going back into the atrium
• papillary muscle
• anchors valve
• Right Ventricle
• Pulmonary Semilunar Valves
• Pulmonary Artery
• Pulmonary Circulation
• (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules,
  veins) -- exchanges of O2 and CO2

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Pathway of Blood through the Heart(Oxygenated)

• Pulmonary Veins
• carry O2 back to the heart from the lungs.
• Left Atrium and Left Auricle
• Bicuspid (mitral) Valve
• chordae tendonae
• tendon cords attached to mitral valve to prevent
  blood from from going back into the atrium
• papillary muscle
• anchors valves
• Left Ventricle
• Aortic Semilunar Valves
• Aorta
• Coronary Arteries

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The Lub-Dub of the Heart

• Aortic Semilunar Valve (closed)
• Pulmonary Semilunar Valve (closed)
• Tricuspid Valve
• Bicuspid Valve

• Semilunar Valves )open)
• Tricuspid and Bicuspid (mitral) Valves (closed)

• Semilunar Valve (closed
• Tricuspid and Bicuspid (mitral) Valves (open)

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Electrocardiogram
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EKG Explanation

• P wave
• result of action potentials that cause
  depolarization of the atrial myocardium, signals
  the onset of atrial contraction.
• QRS wave
• composed of 3 individual waves-- Q, R, S waves
• QRS complex results from ventricular
  depolarization and signals the onset of
  ventricular contraction.
• T wave
• represents the repolarization of the ventricles
  and precedes ventricular relaxation.

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EKG Explanation

• P wave
• QRS wave
• T wave

What are the three waves of the EKG?
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Arrythmias
What are the TWO types of ARRYTHMIA?
Tachycardia and Bradycardia
How do you describe BRADYCARDIA?
How do you describe TACHYCARDIA?
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Heart Blocks

• First Degree block
• prolonged AV conduction
• (prolonged P-R or P-Q interval)
• Second Degree block
• mobitz type I and II
• (21, 31 or 41 rhythm)
• Third Degree block
• complete AV block
• no synchrony between atria and ventricles (no
  synchrony between the P and QRS waves)
• ventricular escape
• some site will take over as ventricular site

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THE END