Energy Control Through Building Automation

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Energy Control Through Building Automation

• Building Automation Control Seminar
• CANDO EnergySmart Schools
• January 24, 2006

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Energy Control Through Building Automation

• Why Control Energy Consumption?
• How Can Building Automation Help?
• What Are Typical Solutions?
• Which Are Possibilities (Using Building
  Automation)?
• Conclusion

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Why Control Energy Consumption?

• Using Energy is
• COSTLY

• Saving Energy is
• Earth Friendly reduces pollution
  conserves resources

4
How Can Building Automation Help?

• Use Automation Trend Data and Reports to
• Monitor Operating Conditions
• Monitor Equipment Schedules
• Monitor Energy Consumption

• Which Will
• Assist in Troubleshooting
• Assist in Maintenance schedules
• Assist in Minimizing Energy Consumption

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What Are Typical Solutions?

• Common Energy Savings Measures (Determined by
  Building Automation Systems)
• Start/Stop Optimization (Night set back or
  shutdown)
• Resets (Water Temperature, Air Temperature, Air
  pressure)
• Demand Control Ventilation (CO2 monitoring)
• Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs on pumps or fans)
• Economizers (outside air damper position)
• Peak Demand Limiting

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Which Are Possibilities (Using Building
Automation)?

• Determining Feasibility of Three Common Measures
  Using BAS Data.
• Variable Frequency Drive Fan
• Hot Water Reset
• Economizer

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Variable Frequency Drive - fan

• Advantages
• Identifying Requirements
• Savings
• Implementation Follow-up

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VFD fan Advantages

• Reduced Maintenance Costs
• Increased Occupant Comfort
• Reduced Noise
• Reduced Energy Consumption

• A Variable Air Volume system using a standard
  constant volume fan uses mechanisms such as
  discharge dampers, inlet vanes, and variable
  pitch blades to restrict the air wasting
  energy.
• When a fan can only operate either on at full
  load, or completely off, the electric energy used
  to run the fan is often wasted.

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VFD fan Identifying Requirements

• Not to be used in Critical Environments
• Not to be used with Constant Speed Exhaust Hoods
• Works for VAV Application with currently
  modulating Damper, Vane, or Blade
• Works for systems that are not currently VAV, but
  have varying air needs.

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VFD fan Savings
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VFD fan Savings

• Example results vary greatly but
• Using the following general parameters
• 10 HP, 10,000 CFM Supply Fan
• 1.00/therm, 0.04/kWh, 12/kW demand
• 24 hour operation
• Estimated typical annual savings
• 4,500

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VFD fan Implementation Follow-up

• After installing the VFD on the system, there
  are often still opportunities to save energy by
  monitoring trends and data on the automation
  system.
• Trends can show areas needing improvement and
  tuning, or even equipment problems.
• Continuous Monitoring Continuous Savings

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Hot Water Reset

• Advantages
• Identifying Requirements
• Savings
• Implementation Follow-up

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Hot Water Reset Advantages

• Reduced Maintenance Costs
• Increased Occupant Comfort
• Reduced Energy Consumption

• Water temperature required to heat a building
  varies based on
• Outdoor air temperature
• Amount of sun or wind
• Occupant needs
• Many times, heating water temperatures are
  maintained at a constant temperature, relying on
  valves and thermostats to modulate according to
  load changes and wasting energy.

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Hot Water Reset Identifying Requirements

• Useful in buildings with large variance in loads
  throughout the year
• Greatly reduces heat losses through large boilers
  and long lengths of pipes

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Hot Water Reset Savings(by delta temperature)
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Hot Water Reset Savings

• Example results vary greatly but
• Using the following general parameters
• 5 MBH Boiler
• 1.00/therm
• 24 hour operation
• Estimated typical annual savings
• 3,500

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Hot Water Reset - Implementation Follow-up

• Even after installing a reset control strategy
  on a hot water system, there are often still
  opportunities to save energy by monitoring trends
  and data on the automation system.
• Trends can help determine where tighter
  adjustments can be made to further savings.
• Continuous Monitoring Continuous Savings

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Economizer

• Advantages
• Identifying Requirements
• Savings
• Implementation Follow-up

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Economizer Advantages

• Increased Occupant Comfort
• Reduced Energy Consumption

• Facilities without economizers must use
  mechanical heating and cooling to keep the supply
  temperature near its set point. However, with an
  economizer, the system can utilize the free
  heating or cooling from the outside air.

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Economizer Identifying Requirements

• All building types can benefit
• Locations in high humidity climates will require
  increased dehumidification

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Economizer Savings
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Economizer Savings

• Example results vary greatly but
• Using the following general parameters
• 30,000 CFM Air Handling Unit
• 0.04/kWH
• 24 hour operation
• Estimated typical annual savings
• 1,000

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Economizer - Implementation Follow-up

• Even after installing an economizer on an air
  handling unit, there are often still
  opportunities to save energy by monitoring trends
  and data on the automation system.
• Trends can help determine where tighter
  adjustments can be made to further savings.
• Continuous Monitoring Continuous Savings

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Conclusion

• Building Automation can help users monitor and
  manage energy consumption.
• There are many ways to use an automation system
  to find energy savings projects.
• By collecting, storing, and analyzing trend data,
  techniques and strategies can be developed to
  reduce energy consumption and save money.
• Monitor and Measure to Minimize Waste

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• Thank You!

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