Takashi Togami

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JICA Partnership Program - Grassroots Partner
Project -
Project SWAN Safe Water and Nutrition
Participatory approach for improvement of safe
water supply and health sanitation environments
with view to attaining better nutrition for
children and women in rural areas in Vietnam

• Takashi Togami
• ILSI Center for Health Promotion of Japan
• March, 2005

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Background

• Only 25 of population in Vietnam can drink and
  use clean water.
• Over 80 of population are living in rural areas.
• In these areas 50 of Population is utilizing
  either deep or shallow wells, 25 for surface
  water and 10 for rain water as water sources.
• Quality of drinking water is often contaminated
  by microbes and chemicals.
• The contamination causes water-born infections
  especially diarrhea, resulting in increase of
  malnutrition, morbidity and mortality of
  inhabitants, especially children and women.

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Preliminary Investigations during 2001-2004
ILSI CHP Japan made preliminary investigations in
rural areas near Hanoi in cooperation with NIN,
Dept. of Preventive Medicine, MoH and MARD.

• Monitoring of quality of drinking water in
  selected sites
• Focus Group Discussions

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Monitoring of Quality of Drinking Water

• Vietnam partners identified 16 water sources in
  Hanoi, Nam Dinh, Ha Tay, Hoa Binh Provinces to
  monitor the quality.
• Monthly analysis of water quality in the water
  sources was made for major contaminants during
  October 2001 October 2002.
• Results indicated that

• Several water sources contain high level of
  arsenic, iron and ammonia.
• Microbiological contamination is serious in many
  of sources.
• No serious contaminations of agricultural
  chemicals is observed in the selected sites.
• Water treatment facilities are not properly
  operated.
• Water quality could be improved, esp. in arsenic
  level with proper operation of treatment
  facilities at affordable cost.

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Field survey Focus Group Discussions

• Field survey was carried out in May 2004 in the
  selected 3 communes in Hanoi and Nam Dinh
  Province.
• The survey was designed in accordance with
  PRECEDE-PROCEED Model.
• Focus Group Discussion and in-depth interview was
  conducted to identify needs of communities and
  willingness to participate in the activities.
• Focus Group Discussion identified

• People are concerned about health problems caused
  by unhygienic drinking water and limitation of
  safe water. Especially, mothers are worried about
  malnutrition of children caused by diarrhea and
  infectious diseases.
• Needs on sufficient water supply and improvement
  of water quality were identified from the matrix
  grouping.
• Due to lack of communication materials and
  insufficient number of collaborators, the
  information is not properly distributed.
• Inhabitants, Womens Union and Commune Peoples
  Committee have strong willingness to participate
  in the activities.

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Objectives of Project

• Improve health sanitation environments by
  raising awareness and knowledge of drinking water
  and nutrition.
• Improve quality of drinking water to meet clean
  water standards of Vietnam government by
  adequately modifying water treatment facilities
  and properly operating the facilities.
• Attain sustainable supply of safe water and
  improve nutritional status by a participatory
  program of inhabitants.

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Selected sites

• Three sites are selected to establish successful
  models for sustainable supply of safe water.

Model 3 Quang Trung commune, Bu Van District,
Nam Dinh Province
Model 2 Dai Mo Commune, Tu Liem District, Hanoi
Model 1 Tam Hiep Commune, Thanh Tri District,
Hanoi
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Scope of Project

• The 3 models will be established in 3 years.
• Model 1 will be initiated from the beginning of
  project and will be completed in 24 months. The
  subsequent models, Model 2 and Model 3 will be
  implemented from 15th month to 36th month.
• Thus, the 3 models will demonstrate how to
  successfully implement the participatory program
  in other areas.

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Process of Project
IEC programs for safe water supply and health
promotion
The Safe Water and Health Promotion Team
Water Management Union by community
Sustainable operation
Technical programs for improving water quality
Support Center for Safe Water by central
government
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Schedule
(Model 1)
(Model 2,3)
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• In summary, we intend that this project will
  demonstrate that sustainable supply of safe water
  could be established with a community-based
  participatory program, and we expect that the
  program will be expanded to a nation-wide
  approach.