The Covalent Bond and Molecular Compounds

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The Covalent Bond and Molecular Compounds

• Contemporary Chemistry
• Mrs. Coyle

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Types of Bonds

• Ionic
• Metallic
• Covalent

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The Covalent Bond

• The bond in which atoms are held together by
  their mutual electrical attraction for shared
  electrons.

Fluorine
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Movie Clip

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKj3o0XvhVqQNR1

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The Covalent Bond

• A single covalent bond is made up of two
  electrons.
• The covalent bond is represented using a straight
  line.

F F
F F
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Molecular Compounds and Molecules

• Molecular compounds are made up of molecules.
• Molecules are neutral groups of atoms joined
  together by covalent bonds.
• Molecular compounds are made up of non-metals.

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Diatomic Molecules

• Molecules made up of two atoms.
• There are 7 diatomic molecules.
• H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

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Hydrogen

• H H ? HH
• Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen
• Atom Atom
  molecule
• The hydrogen molecule has a single covalent bond.

Shared electron pair
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Molecular Compounds

• Compounds comprised of molecules.

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Molecular Formula

• A molecular formula is a chemical formula that is
  used for molecular compounds.
• It shows the types and number of atoms in a
  molecule.

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Structural Formula

• Structural formulas show the arrangement of atoms
  in a molecule.
• In a structural formula, the electron pair is
  represented by a line
• Example H-H
• (single bond one pair of electrons)

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Space Filling Model
Methane CH4
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Ball and Stick Models
Ethane C2H6
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The Water Molecule

H2O
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The Ammonia Molecule

• .

NH3
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Electrolytes

• A compound that conducts electricity when it is
  dissolved in water.
• Are ionic compounds electrolytes?
• Are molecular compounds electrolytes?

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Interparticle and Intermolecular Forces

• Interparticle forces are forces between
  particles.
• Intermolecular forces are forces between
  molecules.
• Which have greater interparticle forces, ionic or
  molecular compounds?