The Sun and Planets

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The Sun and Planets

• Sun
• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter
• Saturn
• Uranus
• Neptune
• Pluto

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The Sun

• 1,400,000 kilometers wide
• Center of the solar system
• Surface 6,000 degrees Celsius

3
The Sun

• Sunspots create radio interference on Earth
• Also the Aurora Borealis
• Hydrogen is fused at its core
• Creates energy

4
The Sun

• The Suns gravity holds planets in orbit
• The Earth orbits once every 365 days
• Source of all energy for the Earth

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Mercury

• Barely Larger than Earths Moon.
• Closest Planet to Sun.
• First Planet from Sun, in between Sun and Venus.

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Mercury

• 88 days to revolve around Sun.
• Has no moons.
• Has no rings.
• Temperature is 400C to -200C

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Mercury

• Smooth surface with some craters.
• No water from being so close to Sun.

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Mercury

• It has a range of temperatures
• It is closest to Sun.

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Venus

• The diameter of Venus is 12,103.6 km and the mass
  is 4.869e24 kg.
  
• Venus is 109 million km (68 million miles) from
  the sun.
  
• It is the 2nd planet in our solar system (between
  Mercury and Earth.

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Venus

• Venus orbits the sun every 0.62 years.
• Contains no moons.
• Also contains no rings either.
• Its average temperature is 457o C (855o F).

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Venus

• Covered with craters, over 1600 volcanoes,
  mountains, large highland terrains, and vast lava
  plains.
  
• Has atmosphere that is over 90 times heavier than
  earths.
  
• Clouds of sulfuric acid floating around on top of
  it.
  
• The atmosphere is composed mainly of carbon
  dioxide (96), 3.5 nitrogen, and less than 1 is
  made up of carbon monoxide, argon, sulfur
  dioxide, and water vapor.

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Venus

• Venus is known as the sister planet of earth.
• Named for the Roman goddess of love and beauty.
  And is also known as the jewel of the sky because
  of its brightness.
  
• Venus has slow retrograde rotation, meaning it
  rotates from east to west instead of west to east
  as most of the other major planets.
  
• Venus is the most prominent astronomical feature
  in the morning and evening sky on Earth (besides
  the Sun and Moon), and has been known of since
  before recorded history.

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Earth

• Diameter is 12,753 Km
• 146 million Km away from the Sun
• 3rd planet from the Sun

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Earth

• Completes one solar orbit every 365 days
• 1 Moon orbits the Earth
• No rings are present

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Earth

• 70 of Earth covered by water
• 97 is salty ocean water
• 3 fresh water - mostly frozen in the polar
  regions
  
• 30 Land
• Earthquakes and volcanoes

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Earth

• Only planet that supports human life
• Oxygen rich atmosphere
• Abundant water

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MARS

• The diameter of Mars is 4,217 miles, half the
  size of Earth.
  
• Mars is 1.5 Astronomical Units (1 AU93,000,000
  miles) from the sun.
  
• Fourth planet from the sun.

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MARS

• There is evidence of life on Mars, closest to
  Earth and it has two moons.

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Jupiter

• The largest planet in the solar system.
• 5.2 A.U from the sun
• 5TH planet from the sun

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Jupiter

• Period of rotation is 11.9 earth years.
• 28 moons.
• 3 rings
• Average surface temperature -149 degrees
  Celsius
  

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Jupiter

• Largest planet in the solar system
• Surface is liquid Hydrogen
• Jupiter does not have any water

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Jupiter

• What makes Jupiter special?
• All of the other planets would fit inside
• It radiates more energy than it receives from the
  sun
  
• The great red spot, a great storm that has been
  there for thousands of years

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Saturn

• Second largest planet
• 1.4 billion kilometers from sun
• The 6th planet

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Saturn

• About 30 earth years
• Has 18 moons
• Has 7 rings
• Gets 12,273 F at core

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Saturn

• Consist of a rocky core with traces of ices.

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Saturn

• Known for the many rings that go around it.

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URANUS

• 51,518 km in diameter
• 2,900 million km away from the sun
• 7th planet from the sun

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URANUS

• It takes Uranus 84 earth years to travel around
  the sun
  
• Uranus has 21 moons
• Uranus has 11 faint narrow rings
• The average temperature is -355 degrees
  Fahrenheit
  

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URANUS

• Uranus is a bluish greenish color due to the
  methane gas in the atmosphere
  
• Its surface is smooth
• There is no water on Uranus

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URANUS

• Axis is tilted sideways so that it spins on its
  side.
  
• Uranus will point its north pole at the Sun once
  in 84 years
  
• Seasons on Uranus last 21 Earth years!

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Neptune

• Six Earths could fit inside
• Eighth Planet from the Sun
• Last of the gas giants

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Neptune

• Diameter 49,493 KM
• 4.5 billion KM from Sun
• 165 Earth years to orbit the Sun
• -210 degrees C

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Neptune

• 13 Moons
• Triton is the largest
• Ring system is made of rocks and dust

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Neptune

• Atmosphere made of Methane crystals
• Atmosphere has layers like Earth
• Great dark spot on the surface

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PLUTO

• SMALLER THAN THE MOON.
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN IS 7.5 THOUSAND MILLION
  KILOMETERS.
  
• LAST PLANET IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM

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PLUTO

• TAKES 248 DAYS TO ORBIT THE SUN.
• HAS 1 MOON CALLED CHARON.
• HAS NO RINGS
• FALLS UNDER -230 DEGREES CELCIUS.

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PLUTO

• PLUTO IS A VERY SMALL PLANET, HAS NO WATER, IS A
  TINY ROCK SKIRTING THE TOP OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM.
  

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PLUTO

• PLUTO IS SPECIAL BECAUSE IT IS THE SMALLEST OF
  ALL PLANETS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM THE FARTHEST AWAY
  FROM THE SUN AND ITS SO FREEZING THAT NO LIFE
  COULD EVER SURVIVE THERE.