GEF Strategy in Biodiversity GEF4 and beyond

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GEFStrategy inBiodiversityGEF4 and beyond
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Why is Biodiversity in Trouble?

• In the 20th century, the human population grew
  from 1.65 to 6.5 billion people.
• Humanity is now living beyond the planets
  ecological means
• 50 of the land surface has been transformed and
  some 40 of the primary productivity is captured
  by humans

• In the 20th century, thehuman population grew
  from 1.65 to 6.5 billion people.
• A growing population and rising standards of
  living are placing enormous stress onour
• Land
• Water
• Air

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Why is biodiversity in trouble?
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To what extent is biodiversity in trouble?
Projected future extinction rate is more than ten
times higher than current rate
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To what extent is biodiversity in trouble?
42
34
31
22
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GEF is the Financial Mechanism of the CBD

• Objectives of the Convention
• Conservation of biodiversity
• Sustainable use of its components
• Fair and equitable sharing of the benefits
  arising out of the utilization of genetic
  resources

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GEFs Goal in Biodiversity

• The goal of GEFs biodiversity program is the
  conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity,
  the maintenance of the ecosystem goods and
  services that biodiversity provides to society,
  and the fair and equitable sharing of the
  benefits arising out of the utilization of
  genetic resources.

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Problem statement

• Species
• Increasing numbers of species threatened with
  extinction increasing rates of species loss
• Ecosystems
• Degradation of ecosystem goods and services

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GEF-4 Strategy MA, GEF-5 MATEEB
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How much are we spending to address the problem
GEF Portfolio, in US millions
TOTAL GEF GRANTS 6,809.08 TOTAL
CO-FINANCING 24,356.55 TOTAL
31,165.63
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Objective 1 Catalyze Sustainability of Protected
Area Systems

• Strategic Programs
• Sustainable Financing
• Marine Protected Areas Networks
• Terrestrial Protected Areas Gaps

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Extent and Impact of Protected Areas
Protected Areas

• McDonalds 30,000 restaurants in 119
  countriesEstimated Employees 465,000
• WalMart 4,300 stores in 11 countriesEstimated
  employees 1,800,000

• Protected Areas
• gt 100,000 in 188 countries
• gt 18 million km2
• 11,5 of Earths land surface
• Estimated direct jobs 1,025,000

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Worlds Protected AreasOne of the Most
Successful Global Endeavors

• Global system is larger than the worlds largest
  country Russia
• Global system is equivalent to the area of China
  and Brazil together
• GEF has invested in 1,600 protected areas
  covering 360,000,000 hectares

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Marine Protected Areas and Large Marine
Ecosystems
Only 0.7 of the worlds oceans is represented in
marine protected areas or in managed large marine
ecosystems
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Global Gap Analysis
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Objective 2 Mainstream biodiversity conservation
in production landscapes/ seascapes and sectors
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Objective 2 Mainstream biodiversity conservation
in production landscapes/ seascapes and sectors

• Strategic Programs
• Strengthening the policy and regulatory framework
  for mainstreaming biodiversity
• Fostering markets for biodiversity goods and
  services

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Conversion to
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Unsustainable to....
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.. sustainable
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Payments for Ecosystem Servicesmore
careful application in GEF-5
providers
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Objective 3 Safeguard biodiversity

• Strategic Programs
• Building capacity for the implementation of the
  Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
• Prevention, control, and management of invasive
  alien species (IAS)GEF-5 mainstreaming

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Objective 4 (Key Area in GEF-5, IR?)Build
capacity on access and benefit sharing

• Strategic Program
• Capacity Building on Access and Benefit Sharing
  (ABS)

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• PCR was invented in the 1980s using a heat-stable
  enzyme (Taq polymerase) taken Thermus aquaticus
  from Yellowstone National Park
• Enzyme is tolerant to near boiling temperatures
  allowing amplification of DNA on an industrial
  scale
• Taq polymerase launched the modern biotech
  industryand in itself sold over 500
  million/year
• Not a cent has gone into Yellowstone NP

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Looking for what is around the cornerquestions
and strategic considerations for GEF-5
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Systemic Threats Continue

• Land use change remains the largest threat to
  biodiversity and to the provision of adequate
  ecosystem goods and services
• Climate change will exacerbate biodiversity loss
  and increase overall management costs

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Land cover change and climate change
Need to determine how biodiversity will respond
differently to climate change alone land
cover change alone and to both climate
change and land cover change relative to
forests where human impacts are minimal
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LULUCF and Reduced emissions from Deforestation
(REDD)

A win-win solution for biodiversity financing,
climate change mitigation and livelihoods?
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How do we make the conservation and sustainable
use of biodiversity and the long-term provision
of ecosystem goods and services a foundation for
sustainable societies?
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All Im saying is now is the time to develop
the technology to deflect an asteroid