Urinary System

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Urinary System

• Grossmont Health Occupations Center

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Over All View Of The Urinary System
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Introduction

• Also known as excretory system

• Parts
• Two Kidneys
• Two Ureters
• Bladder
• Urethra

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Kidney

• Two bean-shaped organs
• Protected by the ribs
• Protected by a heavy cushion of fat
• Connective tissue holds kidney in place
• Two main sections

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Cortex

• Outer section
• Contains most the nephrons

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Medulla

• Inner section of the kidney
• Contains the collecting tubules

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Nephrons

• Microscopic filtering units
• Over one million per kidney

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Glomerulus

• Cluster of capillaries
• Blood pass through waste are filtered out
• Red blood cells and proteins not filtered out

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Bowmans capsule

• C-shaped structure
• Start of convoluted tubule
• Pick up filtered waste

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Convoluted Tubule

• Reabsorbing most water, sugar and salts
• Now called urine
• Sends to the collecting ducts

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Ureter

• Two muscular tubes
• Extend from renal pelvis to bladder
• Uses peristalsis to move the urine

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Bladder

• Hollow muscular sac
• Lined with mucous membrane
• Series of folds called rugae
• Receives urine from ureters
• Stores urine
• Urge to void when bladder contains about 1 cup

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Urethra

• Tube that carries urine from the bladder
• External opening called urinary meatus
• Different in females and males

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Urine

• Liquid waste product
• About 95 water
• 1500 to 2000ml (1 ½ -2 quarts) produced daily
• 150 quarts filtered through the kidney

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Conditions Affecting Urination

• Polyuria
• Oliguria
• Anuria
• Hematuria
• Nocturia

• Dysuria
• Pyuria
• Retention
• Incontinence

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Diseases

• Cystitis
• Glomerulonephtitis
• Pyelonephritis
• Renal calculus or urinary calculus
• Renal failure
• Uremia
• urethritis