AMERICAN RED CROSS

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• AMERICAN RED CROSS
• FIRST AID
• Dr. Jay Shahed

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• FIRST AID
• Dr. Jay Shahed

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Injuries

• 5 Leading causes to Injuries
• Motor - vehicle crashes
• Falls
• Poisonings
• Drownings
• Fires

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The 5 major types of wounds

• Bruise
• Contusion, Charley Horse
• Scrape
• Abrasion, Road Rash, Rug burn, Strawberry
• Cut
• Incision, Laceration
• Avulsion
• Puncture

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Treatment of a wound

• Open wounds
• Control bleeding
• Use pressure points
• Bandage
• types of bandage
• Roller Bandage ( Control bleeding )
• Elastic bandage ( ACE ) ( Sprains or Strains)

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Types of bleeding

• External
• Apply pressure
• Elevate the arm
• Cover the dressing with roller bandage
• QUESTION?
• What would you do if bleeding does not stop?

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Internal Bleeding

• Victim will have the following signs and symptoms
• Weakness
• Confusion
• Sweating
• Decreased blood pressure
• Paleness

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Shocks

• Shocks is likely to develop in any serious injury
  or illness.
• The signals are
• Restlessness or irritability
• Altered consciousness
• Pale, cool,, moist skin
• Rapid breathing
• Rapid pulse

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Burns

• Burns are caused by
• Heat
• Chemicals
• Electricity
• Radiation

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Burns

• Critical burn
• can be life-threatening and needs immediate
  medical attention.
• Chemical burns
• should be flushed with large amounts of cool
  running water until advanced medical help arrives.

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• Never go near a victim of an electrical burn
  until you are sure the victim is not still in
  contact with the power source.

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Injuries to Muscles, Bones, and Joints

• When a serious injury occurs, it is best not to
  move the victim.
• If you are going to move or transport the victim
  apply a splint to the site injury.
• Applying a splint can help minimize movement and
  prevent the victim from further injury.

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Care for Head and Spinal Injury

• The general care for spinal injuries includes
• Minimizing head and spine movement
• Maintaining an open airway
• Checking consciousness and breathing
• Controlling any external bleeding
• Keeping the victim from getting chilled or
  overheated

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Sudden Illnesses

• Most of sudden illnesses has common signals.
• Causes
• You will rarely know the exact cause of the
  sudden illness, but this should not keep you from
  providing the proper initial care.

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• Poisoning
• More than 90 of all poisonings takes place at
  home.
• If you think someone has been poisoned, call 911
  or poison control
• Unconscious diabetic
• Give sugar
• Seizure victim
• protect them from injury.

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• Vomiting victims
• Place victim on his or her side.
• Heat- or cold-related illness
• Both heat and cold emergencies can be prevented
  by wearing proper clothing and minimizing
  activity in extremely hot or cold environments.

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Caring for Children

• Children have unique needs that require special
  care.
• Caring for an injured or ill child requires a
  rescuer to recognize the childs fear and
  anxiety.

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• There are important characteristics to remember
  when checking a child.
• 5 guidelines to check a child
• Observe the child. Dont just rush up and touch
  the child.
• Remain calm. Children will be more upset if you
  are excited.

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Continue

• Remain calm. Children will be more upset if you
  are excited.
• Talk clearly and simply.
• Do not separate the child from their love ones.
• Gain trust through your actions

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Caring for the elderly

• Care for the elderly requires that you keep in
  mind special problems and concerns.
• Often fear of loss of independence will cause an
  elderly victim to avoid treatment.

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• Do not talk down to an elderly victim as you
  would a child.
• The most important action you can take is to see
  that if appropriate, the victim is taken to a
  medical facility.

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Common injuries to the elderly.

• Always suspect that the head, neck, back, or hip
  are injured.
• Realize that the signals of the seriousness of an
  injury may not occur for days. Anyone close to
  the victim should be alert to signals of unusual
  behavior.