The End of A War

1
The End of A War
2
Ronald Reagan

• First Term
• 1980 - 1982
• 1982 - 1984
• Second Term
• 1984 - 1988

3
Reagans First Term

• 1980 - 1982
• Reagan labeled Americas best interest as peace.
  He stated, We will negotiate for it, sacrifice
  for it, but we will not surrender for it, now or
  ever.
• Divisions within the Republican Party lead to
  conflict.
• 1982 - 1984
• Moderate approaches are abandonned and replaced
  with hardline tactics.

4
Reagans Second Term

• 1984 - 1988
• As part of his campaign for re-election, Reagan
  emphasizes peace and cooperation. These themes
  are reiterated throughout this term.
• News publications remind the public that Reagan
  always spoke more severely than he acted.
• Nancy Reagan encourages the President to
  perpetuate his peaceful tactics to ensure a
  positive image.

5
U.S. Policy Goals

• 1st Term
• restraint
• reciprocity

• 2nd Term
• rapprochement

6
Mikhail Gorbachev

• Economic crisis
• Marxist-Leninst Ideological modification

7
In response to the Economic Crisis

• Defense burden was increasing and Gorbachev
  recognized that arms reduction would be effective
  on many levels
• Assistance and Soviet influence in satellite
  nations were diminished
• Nicaragua
• Cambodia
• Angola
• Ethiopia
• Afghanistan

8
Ideological Modifications

• Gorbachev did not recognize the clash between
  capitalism and communism as inevitable as had his
  predecessors
• The social crisis in the USSR escalated to a
  point where reform became necessary. Gorbachev
  attributed this crisis, in part, to the nature of
  communism in the Soviet Union.
• perestroika
• glasnost

9
Questions for Discussion

• Who or what was responsible for the end of the
  Cold War?
• Since Reagan recognized the importance of a
  peaceful relationship between the US and the USSR
  even in his first term, why do you suppose this
  term was characterized so differently from his
  second?
• There is an argument that the United States only
  changed its policies toward the Soviet Union
  after modifications were made within the Soviet
  system. From the information presented here,
  does that seem to be the case?