Flexible mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol

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Flexible mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol

• Iryna Stavchuk
• NATIONAL ECOLOGICAL CENTRE OF UKRAINE
• Ljubljana, October 2006

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Presentation outline

• Kyoto Protocol
• Flexible mechanisms
• JI
• CDM
• Emission Trading
• Lessons learned and NGO role
• Hot Air and Green Investment Scheme

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Kyoto Protocol

• Established emission targets to be achieved by
  5-year commitment period 2008-2012.
• Annex1 (B) and Non-Annex 1

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Financial mechanisms

• Joint Implementation (between Annex1, mainly
  economies in transition with reduction
  obligations)
• Clean Development Mechanism (Non-Annex1
  developing countries without reduction
  obligations)
• Emissions Trading (on the country level between
  Annex1)

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Reasons for flexible mechanisms

• Cost-effective emission reductions
• Encourages Non-Annex 1 countries and countries
  with economies in transition to reduce emissions

Japan, Annex1
India, Non-Annex1
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Joint Implementation sectors

• 1. Energy industries (renewable/non-renewable
  sources)
• 2. Energy distribution and demand
• 4. Industries Manufacturing, Chemical,
  Construction
• 7. Transport
• 8. Mining/mineral production
• 9. Metal production
• 10. Solvents use
• 11. Waste handling and disposal
• 12. Land-use, land-use change and forestry
• 13. Agriculture

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JI eligibility

• Additionallity criteria
• Environmental
• Financial
• Technical
• Legal

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Joint Implementation Process

• Project Idea Note (PIN) ltgt Letter of endorsement
• Project design document (PDD) baseline,
  additionallity, estimation of reductions,
  monitoring plan, environmental impacts,
  stakeholders comments ltgt Letter of Approval
• (Validation procedure)
• Verification of emissions reductions

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The role of NGOs what to focus on

• To have access to all projects documents
• Only clean technologies
• Check for potentially harmful projects
• LULUCF issues
• Good examples
• Golden standard
• CDMwatch

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What is Hot Air?
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Green Investment Scheme

• Developed by potential buyers of emission credits
  to assure transparent and credible use of money.
• Includes
• Management and organization
• Sales processes
• Greening criteria where to put the money?
• Monitoring of financial flows
• Verification of greening

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• Thank you for attention!
• Any questions?