Earthquakes

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Earthquakes

• Earthquakes - ductile-vs-brittle behavior,
  seismic waves, focus (hypocenter), epicenter

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Earthquakes

• Seismic waves - body waves surface waves
• Body waves P-waves (compressional)

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Earthquakes

• Body waves S-waves (transverse / shear)

4
Earthquakes

• Surface waves Love waves, Rayleigh waves

5
Earthquakes

• Seismographs, seismograms, time-travel curves,
  depth of focus

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Earthquakes

• EQ measurements type amount of damage, amount
  of energy released
• Intensity modified Mercalli scale
• Magnitude Richter scale, seismic moment
  magnitude
• Ground motion, ground displacement

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Earthquakes

• Ground motion, ground displacement

8
Earthquakes

• Ground motion, ground displacement

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Earthquakes
10
Earthquakes

• Earthquake prone areas Circum-Pacific Belt,
  Mediterranean-Himalayan Belt, Benioff zone

11
Earthquakes

• Earthquake prone areas Circum-Pacific Belt,
  Mediterranean-Himalayan Belt, Benioff zones

12
Earthquakes

• Divergent plate boundary shallow EQs with
  normal faulting

13
Earthquakes

• Transform plate boundary shallow or
  intermediate EQs with strike-slip or oblique-slip
  faulting

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Earthquakes

• Convergent plate boundaries Collision zones
  shallow EQs with normal reverse faults
  Subduction zones shallow to deep-focus EQs

15
Earthquakes

• Earthquake prediction monitor measure changes
  in strain field, water levels in wells, radon
  emission levels in wells, tilting of land
  surfaces, changes in elevation, animal
  behavior(?)

16
Earths Interior

• Geophysics seismic waves, earths magnetic
  field, gravity, heat, electrical conductivity /
  resistivity
• Seismic reflection, seismic refraction
• Crust, Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho), mantle,
  core

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Earths Interior
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Earths Interior
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Earths Interior
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Earths Interior
21
Earths Interior

• Earths magnetic field

22
Earths Interior

• Earths magnetic field

23
Earths Interior

• Magnetic anomolies

24
Earths Interior

• Geophysics seismic waves, earths magnetic
  field, gravity, heat, electrical conductivity /
  resistivity

25
Earths Interior

• Crust, Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho), mantle,
  core

26
Earths Interior

• P-wave shadow zone, S-wave shadow zone

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Earths Interior

• Core mantle convection

28
Earths Interior

• Core composition based on density measurements
  calcs, composition of meteorites, existence of
  magnetic field

29
Earths Interior

• Isostasy crust in equilibrium with surrounding
  crustal material floats on underlying mantle
  material

30
Earths Interior

• Isostasy crust in equilibrium with surrounding
  crustal material floats on underlying mantle
  material

31
Earths Interior

• Isostasy crust in equilibrium with surrounding
  crustal material floats on underlying mantle
  material

32
Earths Interior

• Gravity gravity meter, gravity anomalies
  (positive negative)

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Earths Interior

• Gravity gravity meter, gravity anomalies
  (positive negative)