Canine Borreliosis

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Canine Borreliosis

• Canine Lyme Disease

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Borrelia burgdorferi

• Helical-shaped unicellular spirochetes
• Gram negative
• Organism dies quickly outside a host
• DNA footprints of Borrelia are in museum
  specimens of New England ticks from 1894
• First documented case was in 1969 in a physician
  who was hunting in the woods.
• In 1975 a cluster of juvenile rheumatoid
  arthritis led the CDC to investigate an area in
  Lyme and Old Lyme, Connecticut.

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Borrelia burgdorferi
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Borrelia burgdorferi

• Lyme bacteria normally lives in mice, squirrels
  and other small rodents.
• Transmission to pets and people is by the deer
  tick (Ixodid).
• Deer transport the tick but apparently do not get
  the infection.
• Increased deer populations in small areas in
  heavily populated states.

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Canine Lyme Disease

• Symptoms in Dogs
• Fever
• Inappetite
• Lymphadenopathy
• Lameness related to polyarthritis
• First described in 1984
• Studies have shown 50-90 asymptomatic healthy
  dogs can test positive in endemic states
• Renal disease

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Symptoms in CaninesContinued

• Severe renal disease has been associated with
  Lyme Disease in Canines
• Incidence of the Disease is unknown

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Diagnosis in Dogs

• Fever
• Sore Swollen Joints
• Positive ELISA test
• Idexx Laboratories

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Treatment in Dogs

• Antibiotics
• Amoxicillin, Tetracycline
• Anti-inflammatory for the joints NSIDS

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Prevention

• Tick Products
• Avoiding hikes during peak season
• Vaccination is avaliable

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Flea and Tick Products
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Flea and Tick Products
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Deer TickIxodes scapularis
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Deer Tick 3 StagesAll 3 Stages feed on a host
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Ixodid Tick
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Deer Tick Staging on Grass
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Lyme DiseaseHumans

• On May 22, 1989, Newsweeks cover showed an
  Ixodes tick magnified 98 times.
• Since 1982 more than 132,000 cases have been
  reported.
• 17,000 cases were reported in 2000.

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Lyme Disease in ManCDC 1991-2005
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Seasonal IncidenceHuman Cases of Lyme Disease
2005 CDC
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Lyme Diseaseerythema chronicum migrans ECM
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DiagnosisHumans

• Symptoms and geographic location
• ELISA Test
• ECM Lesion (erythema chronicum migrans)

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Prevention

• Tick Control
• Vaccination (??)
• Preventative antibiotic trial

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TreatmentHumans

• Antibiotics
• Joint Pain medicine