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INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL THINKING

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An active, intellectually engaged process of reading, interpreting ... Today: Albert Einstein, Mark Twain, Harry Houdini and Carl Sagan. UNIVERSAL STANDARDS ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL THINKING


1
INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL THINKING
2
CRITICAL THINKING
  • Definitions
  • History of Critical Thinking (CT)
  • Universal Standards
  • Fallacies

3
DEFINITIONS
  • Critical ListeningListening to maximize the
    accurate understanding of what others say.

4
DEFINITIONS
  • Critical ReadingAn active, intellectually
    engaged process of reading, interpreting and
    understanding text.

5
DEFINITIONS
  • Critical WritingArranging our ideas in a
    logical order to express ourselves in a
    disciplined manner.

6
DEFINITIONS
  • Critical ThinkingThe art of thinking about
    your thinking while you are thinking in order to
    make your thinking better.

7
HISTORY
  • The Beginning Socrates
  • Early Years Plato, Aristotle and other Greek
    philosophers
  • Middle Ages Francis Bacon
  • Today Albert Einstein, Mark Twain, Harry Houdini
    and Carl Sagan

8
UNIVERSAL STANDARDS

Does this really make sense?
How does itaffect the issue?
How can wecheck that out?
Give mean example.
9
FALLACIES
  • What is it?
  • An argument that appears sound, at first glance,
    but contains a flaw in reasoning which makes it
    unsound.

10
FALLACIES
  • Burden of Proof (a.k.a. Appeal to Ignorance)
  • Two Wrongs Make a Right

11
FALLACIES
  • Hasty Generalization
  • Post Hoc Reasoning

12
FALLACIES
  • Band Wagon (a.k.a. peer pressure)
  • Guilt by Association

13
CRITICAL THINKING
  • Definitions
  • History of Critical Thinking (CT)
  • Universal Standards
  • Fallacies
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