HispanicEthnic Diversification in the Nursing Workforce

1
Hispanic-Ethnic Diversification in the Nursing
Workforce

• Zoila Vichot Sanchez, BSN, A.R.N.P
• Graduate Student at Union University
• October 2001

2
The Nations Healthcare

• The health of the Nations population depends
  on
• An adequate supply of healthcare providers, i.e.,
  nurses.
• A nursing workforce that reflects the
  racial/ethnic composition of the population, to
  ensure equal access and quality care.

3
Literature Review

• Databases CINAHL, EBSCO, MEDLINE, PUBMED,
  Internet search, and HRSA.GOV
• Organizations American Association of Colleges
  of Nursing, Tri-Council for Nursing, ANA, TNA,
  NAHN, Sigma Theta Tau International, and American
  Academy of Nursing
• Terms Hispanic nurse, Hispanic nursing, Hispanic
  student nurse, nursing workforce
  diversity/Hispanic
• Search resulted in 10 articles related to topic.
  Government agencies provided more accurate
  information. (HRSA, BHPr, NACNEP)

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Health Resources and Services Administration
(HRSA)Reports not published

• Bridges and Barriers Educational Mobility of
  Hispanic Nurses. NAHN prepared under contract
  for the Division of Nursing, Bureau of Health
  Professions, HRSA, Mar. 1998

• Strategies for the Recruitment, Retention and
  Graduation of Hispanic into the Baccalaureate
  Level of Nursing. RFP NO 282-96-0031 Final
  repot April 30, 1998 Division of Nursing, HRSA

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Problem Statement

• The ranks of Hispanic nurses remain
  disproportionately small compared to the growth
  in the Hispanic population.
• Hispanic are seriously underrepresented in
  nursing programs.

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Goals

• Increase the number of practicing registered
  nurses from Hispanic pop.
• Increase the recruitment, retention and
  graduation rates of Hispanic in Nursing programs,
  preferably at baccalaureate level.

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Hispanic - Sociodemographics

• Second largest and fastest growing minority.
• One in eight people- Hispanic origin.
• In 2000, 32.8 million - 12 of pop.
• By 2050, estimated to increase to 97 million and
  constitute 25 of pop.
• Largest minority group. (US. Census, 2000)

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Tennessee - Sociodemographics

• Total Population 5,689,283
• Hispanic 123,838 2.2
• Counties
• Davidson (Nashville) 569,891
• Hispanic 26,091
  4.6
• Madison (Jackson) 91,837
• Hispanic 1,572
  1.7
• Shelby (Memphis) 897,742
• Hispanic 23,364
  2.6

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(No Transcript)
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Nursing Statistics

• Licensed RNs 2000, 2,696,540
• Hispanic 54,861 2 (BHPr,
  2000)
• In 1996, there were 126 Hispanic nurses per 100,
  000 Hispanic persons in U.S.
• Licensed RNs - Tennessee
• 2000 64,970
  (TN Dept Health, 2000)
• Hispanic 2001, 23 Hispanic RNs .3 (TN.
  Board of Nursing)

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Hispanic Graduate Information (August 1, 1999 to
July 31, 2000) National

• Hispanic
• BSN - 1,383
• MSN - 275
• Ph.D. - 3
• Post./Ph.D - 1

• Non-Hispanic White
• BSN - 26,063
• MSN - 8,177
• Ph.D - 346
• Post./Ph.D - 56 (AACN,2001)

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Hispanic Graduate Information (August 1, 1999 to
July 31, 2000)Tennessee

• Hispanic
• Diploma - 0
• A. A. - 10
• BSN - 8
• MSN - 1

• White non Hispanic
• Diploma 55
• A. A. - 665
• BSN - 766
• MSN - 334 (Tenn. Board of Nursing,
  2001)

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Barriers

• Education
• Least likely to complete HS
• Limited Financial resources
• Hispanic cultural values
• Prescribed gender role
• Importance of family
• Institutional policies
• Few Hispanic faculty and mentors
• Lack of cultural content in curriculum

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Strategies

• Collaborative effort
• Education
• Primary and secondary
• Higher education
• Government/public sector
• Private sector
• Business
• Professional organizations
• National Association of Hispanic Nurses

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Primary and Secondary Schools

• Work with schools K-12 to develop programs
  focusing on nursing as a career and provide
  appropriate information on the academic
  requirements, especially in mathematics and
  science. (HRSA-BHPr,2000)
• Health Careers Opportunity Program (HCOP)
• KIDS Into Health Careers. HRSA program
• South Texas High School for the Health
  Professions (BHPr, 2000)
  

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College Post Graduate

• Specialized orientation programs
• Hispanic students parent.
• Student services/counselor skilled in Hispanic
  socio-culture.
• Coping and study skills classes.
• Assistance in securing financial aid.
• Hispanic faculty/clinical role model.
• Culturally appropriate nursing care.
• Flexible course schedule load

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Government Agencies

• Advanced Education Nursing grants for Nurse
  Practitioners, Nurse Midwives, Nurse Anesthetists
  and Other Advanced Education Nurses
  (Division of Nursing)
• Basic Nurse Education (Division
  of Nursing)
• Nursing Workforce Diversity (Division of
  Nursing)
• Minority Scholarship for Disadvantaged Students
  
  (BHPr,2000)
• Faculty Fellowship Program (BHPr, 2000)
• The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
  
  (BHPr,2000)

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Business Sector/ Private Sector

• Create partnerships with private sector to assist
  in funding targeted projects.
• Involve private sector in long terms plans and
  projects to support and sponsor educational
  health related programs in schools and community.
  
• NAHN scholarships and awards with Proctor
  Gamble
• Tuition reimbursement or payment
• Mentoring programs

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Professional Organizations

• Encourage membership in professional nurses
  organizations.
• National Association of Hispanic Nurses
• Act as career builders scholarships,
  fellowships, conduct research, and job
  opportunities
• Conduct conferences, national, state, and local.
  To promote networking and professional
  enhancement
• Disseminate research findings and policy
  perspective related to Hispanic health.
  (NAHN)

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Recommendations

• Involve the church in disseminating information
  on nursing and health related programs.
• Increase awareness of the national educational
  programs and resources available.
• Recommendations for research
• Investigate barriers and factors which affects
  Hispanic enrollment, graduation, and retention.
• Investigate the effect of work environment in
  providing support and encouragement for Hispanic
  nurses.
• Create an accurate data bases on Hispanic,
  especially in Tennessee.
• Document the benefits and effects of providing
  culturally competent care.

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• Questions