PLANS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL HELIOPHYSICAL YEAR

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PLANS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL HELIOPHYSICAL YEAR

• J. Davila, B. Thompson, N. Gopalswamy
• NASA-GSFC

October 14, 2004
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Why IHY? The Historical Perspective

• First International Polar Year
• January 1875 at the Academy of Sciences in Vienna
  Carl Weyprecht suggested a coordinated study of
  the north polar region
• Polar meteorological and magnetic observations
  commenced on Aug 1, 1882 and concluded Sep 1,
  1883
• Second International Polar Year
• Scientific activities were significantly limited
  by the world-wide economic depression
• Polar meteorological and magnetic observations to
  be made in 1932-1933, fifty years after the first
  IPY

• International Geophysical Year
• In 1957 the IGY involved about 60,000 scientists
  from 66 nations
• To obtain simultaneous, global observations on
  Earth and in space

The logical next step is to extend global studies
into the Heliosphere to incorporate the drivers
of Geophysical change into the global system-The
IHY.
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Evolution of System Studies
IGY
Size Scale Studied
IPY-2
IPY-1
IHY
1957
1933
2007
1883
TIME
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Advances During Previous International Years

• IPY 1
• Auroral oval structure and dynamics
• Currents flowing in the upper atmosphere produce
  magnetic perturbations on the ground
• Currents flow between upper atmosphere and space
• IPY 2
• International polar observing network
• New instrumentation (radiosondes and ionosondes)
• Rapid run magnetometers
• Simultaneous measurements at multiple stations
• Global current pattern for specific magnetic
  disturbance (magnetic bays)
• IGY
• Interhemispheric network of polar stations
• New instrumentation (all-sky cameras, satellites)
• Major discovery (radiation belts)
• New concepts (the magnetosphere, substorms)
• Exploration of space
• Global 3D synoptic data
• Evidence of time-dependent global dynamics

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IHY Scientific Goals

• Provide benchmark measurements of the response of
  the magnetosphere, the ionosphere, the lower
  atmosphere and Earth surface to identify global
  processes and drivers which affect the
  terrestrial environment and climate
• Global study of the Sun-heliosphere system
  outward to the heliopause to understand the
  external, and historic drivers of geophysical
  change
• Foster international scientific cooperation in
  the study of Heliophysical phenomena now and in
  the future
• To communicate the unique scientific results of
  the IHY to the interested scientific community
  and to the general public

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Why Now?

• A large armada of existing or planned spacecraft
  are in place to provide the most comprehensive
  global measurements of the sun-earth
  interplanetary system yet obtained
• Earth based observatories can provide
  measurements of terrestrial effects at the poles
  and elsewhere
• International collaboration is easier today than
  in previous international years with abundant and
  cheap electronic communication available
• No single country has sufficient resources to
  obtain all required observations
• The time is ripe for IHY global studies.

STEREO
ACE
SOHO
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What is the Opportunity?
Cross-cutting solar system science
True-color image of Earths aurora taken from
Space Shuttle
Aurora at Saturns poles

• Similar physical processes are evident in vastly
  different environments

Jupiters aurora imaged with HST
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Cross-Cutting IHY Approach

• Observa-tional campaigns are organized for
  various phenomena
• Scientific results organized by physical process

Preliminary
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General Benefits of the IHY

• The IHY will help us develop a deeper
  understanding of physical processes through a
  program of comparative study throughout the solar
  system.
• The IHY will further the study of energetic
  events in the solar system, paving the way for
  safe travel to the Moon and planets in the
  future.
• The IHY 2007 will serve to inspire the next
  generation of space physicists, as the IGY 1957
  inspired us.
• The IHY will help maintain US leadership in space
  science.

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Benefits to NASA

• Provides a community consensus structure to unite
  Earth and Space Science into the new field of
  helioPHYSICS. A good fit to the new
  Exploration Initiative organizational structure
• Broadens the use of space data by making data
  available, and involving new science groups while
  leveraging data analysis funds
• Provides National and World-Wide public
  visibility for NASA programs at all levels
• Pathfinder for ILWS science program, with
  high-priority concensus science objectives
  identified by International Teams

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Planning Process
International Science Plan Presented to
International Planning Committee
Russia, Ukraine V. Obridko
Europe J.-L. Bougeret, B. Schmieder, R. Wimmer,
R. von Steiger
United Kingdom R. Harrison Nov 2003
Latin America M. Machado, C. Mandrini, P.
Kaufmann
International Planning Meeting J. Davila (US),
R. Jain (IN), I. Veselovsky (Rus) July
2005 Toulouse, France
Asia Pacific T. Kosugi, I. Cairns,
United Nations H. Haubold October 2004 May 2005
Africa B. Raibu Moraal, S. Yousef
China Guangli Huang August 2004
United States J. Davila, N. Crooker April
2004 Spring 2005
Meeting Planned
India R. Jain, A. Bhattacharya July 2004
Meeting Complete
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US Planning WorkshopSac Peak, NM 22-24 April,
2004

• Objective Begin to organize the scientific
  program for the IHY in the US science community
• Scientific organizers -- Nancy Crooker, and Dan
  Baker (Co-Chairs), Charles Jackman, Chuck Smith,
  Eberhard Mobius, and David Webb. K.S.
  Balasubramaniam and Alexi Pevtsov were Local
  Organizers.
• Four Working Groups Formed
• Climate and Earth Atmosphere (WG Leaders Mark
  Baldwin and Rolando Garcia)
• Magnetospheres and Ionospheres (WG Leaders
  Howard Singer and Jan Soika)
• Heliosphere and Solar Wind (WG Leaders Justin
  Kasper and Eberhard Mobius)
• Solar Drivers (WG Leaders Terry Forbes and Sarah
  Gibson).
• Workshop talks and working group summaries are
  available at website http//www.nso.edu/general/wo
  rkshops/ihy2004

IHY U.S. Community Science Workshop being planned
in early 2005 in Boulder CO, International
workshop will be held in July 2005 in Toulouse,
France
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Recent Progress

• Developed a schedule of activities and are
  making progress towards finalizing research plans
  for 2007
• The International Steering Committee has been
  established
• Coordination with the UNBSS program continues. 
  We will focus on partnerships with developing
  nations to establish distributed instrument
  networks, and we are exploring how to do it with
  help from UNBSS.  Planning workshop in October at
  GSFC to discuss coordination.  A larger meeting
  with UNBSS is scheduled for November in UAE
• Science Coordination Database has been
  established and is being populated, Campaign
  Coordination Database in development
  http//ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov/
• IHY events and activities at scores of
  international meetings and symposia
• IGY Historical activities underway in partnership
  with the AGU History Committee, eGY and the AIPs
  Center for History of Physics

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The IHY Science Coordination Database

• Over 100 instruments already entered into database

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IHY Planning Schedule

• 2004 Regional coordination meetings, campaigns
  begin to be defined, synergy/coordination
  discussions with professional organizations
• 2005 Synthesis from regional to international,
  merging of science working groups and campaigns,
  "backfilling" missing initiatives
• 2006 Prototyping year, preliminary work, review
  and finalize campaign proposals, proposals to
  national funding agencies
• 2007 IHY campaigns, establish data bases and
  tools
• 2008 workshops, publications, archives

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Schedule of Activities
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(No Transcript)
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Preliminary Budget
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Reference Slides
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The IHY Campaign Database

• The IHY Campaign site contains all of the
  logistics for IHY campaign planning. Searchable
  fields will include
• The Science Working Group Objectives, leaders and
  participants
• Approved and Proposed campaigns
• Participating Observatories and Observatory
  Representatives
• Campaign observing targets
• Modelers
• Campaign Number
• Science Objective

• IHY participants interested in the Campaign's
  scientific topic
• Scientific Publications Relevant to the
  Campaign's scientific topic
• Start Date, End Date
• Participating Observatory(s)
• A searchable IHY Campaign calendar
• A searchable IHY Science Planning Database
• A searchable IHY Campaign Database

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IHY International Steering Committee

• Help to stimulate, find support for, and
  coordinate with National IHY Initiatives in other
  countries
• Help to plan international workshops and
  meetings
• Work on "integration and synthesizing" in
  2005-2006
• Joe Davila, Nat Gopalswamy, Dick Fisher, J.-L.
  Bougeret, Richard Harrison, Madhavan Nair,
  Barbara Thompson, Takeo Kosugi, Vladimir Obridko,
  Archana Bhattacharya, Marcos Machado, Don
  Melrose, Oddbjorn Engvold, Hermann Opgenoorth,
  Jingxiu Wang, Roger Bonnet, Richard Marsden, Harm
  Moraal, Shahinaz Yousef, Chris Rapley, Charlie
  Barton, Hans Haubold, Greg Ginet, Rainer Schwenn,
  Wing Ip, Eric Priest, Roger Smith, George Siscoe,
  Iver Cairns, Pierre Rochus, Mike Mendillo, Tim
  Killeen, Paulett Liewer, Dave McComas, Neil
  Murphy, Joann Joselyn, R. Srinivasan, Jack
  Gosling
• IHY has Six International Regions Latin America,
  Asia/Pacific, FSU, Europe, Africa, US/Canada.
  Leadership teams have been or are being
  established for each region.
• Note All members are not confirmed

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IHY International Planning Coordinators

• - Heinzl Czech Republic
• - Michalek Poland
• Arnold Benz Switzerland
• Rob Wimmer-Schweinbruger Germany
• Dalmiro Maia Portugal
• Javier Rodriguez-Pacheko Spain
• Ester Antonucci Italy
• Brigitte Schmeider France
• Andy Breen UK
• Peter Gallagher Ireland
• Pierre Kauffman Brazil
• Bill Liu Canada
• Guangli Huang China
• Rajmal Jain, Narain Rao India
• Lu Lee Taiwan
• Kojima, Kamide, Fuji, Terasawa Japan
• Stefan Poedts Belgium
• Ismail Sabbah Kuwait
• Bo Andersen Norway

• Cristina Mandrini, Marta Rovira Argentina
• Xochitl Blanco-Cano (Mexico)
• E Turunen, Usoskin, Pulkinnen Finland
• Rajmal Jain India
• Karel Kudela Slovakia
• Bindschadler Antarctica
• Obridko, Veselovsky Russia
• Harm Moraal South Africa
• Hady Egypt
• Babatunde Rabiu Nigeria
• Dong-Hun Lee, S.Y. Yun S. Korea
• Chilingairayan Azerbaijan
• Axel Brandenburg, Eigil Friis-Christensen
  Denmark
• Sixto Gonzalez Puerto Rico
• Rusdijak Croatia
• Walter Gonzalez Brazil
• Xenophon Moussas Greece
• Gedalin Israel