Digital Libraries: Technological Advances and Social Impacts

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Digital Libraries Technological Advances and
Social Impacts

• Presented by
• Jozsef Vass
• Multimedia Communications and Visualization
  Laboratory
• Department of Computer Engineering Computer
  Science
• University of Missouri-Columbia
• Columbia, MO 65211

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Overview

• B. Schatz and H. Chen, Digital Libraries
  Technological Advances and Social Impacts, IEEE
  Computer, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 45-50, Feb. 1999.
• Digital Libraries
• Digital Library Requirements
• Digital Library Testbed
• Digital Library Initiative - Phase 1
• Digital Library Initiative - Phase 2
• International Activities

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Digital Libraries

• World Wide Web (WWW) Everyday Use
• Exponential growth of WWW increases the
  importance of digital libraries
• Lot of information but search is unchanged since
  1960s
• Natural outcome of earlier federal funding of
  high-end computing systems and high performance
  networks
• Collection of all kinds must be indexed
  efficiently
• Different media type (text, image, video)
• Different collection sizes
• Different languages

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Digital Libraries - Requirements

• Federated repositories Present distributed
  repositories as a coherent virtual collection
• Scalability Efficient categorization, indexing,
  summarizing, and extraction as the size increases
• Interoperability Interoperability among
  heterogeneous repositories across networks
• Collaboration Teamwork sharing knowledge,
  experience, and resources
• Testbed Provide stable, accessible collections
  to researchers
• CommunicationsTimely dissemination of research
  results

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Testbed Development

• Accepted methodology to evaluate networked
  systems
• Testbed A prototype system with real collections
  and real users but supported as a research rather
  than commercial product
• Evaluate the usefulness of information system
  features

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Digital Library Initiative - Phase 1

• Best way to evaluate Develop real-time testbeds
• US Government Digital Library Initiative
  (1994-1998)
• Participants NSF, DARPA, and NASA
• Large amount of heterogeneous information can be
  coherently organized that can be searched and
  manipulated to yield useful knowledge
• More information http//dli.grainger.uiuc.edu

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Digital Library Initiative - Phase 1

• Six projects are supported
• University of California at Berkeley
  Environmental Planning and Geographic
  Information Systems
• University of California at Santa Barbara The
  Alexandria Project Spatially-Referenced
  Map Information
• Carnegie Mellon University Informedia Digital
  Video Library
• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  Federating Repositories of Scientific Literature
• University of Michigan Intelligent Agents for
  Information Location
• Stanford University Interoperation Mechanisms
  Among Heterogeneous Services

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Digital Library Initiative - Phase 2

• Motivated by the success of Phase 1
• Participants NSF, DARPA, NLM, Library of
  Congress, and National Endowment for the
  Humanities
• Treat digital libraries as human-centered systems
• Bridge political and language boundaries
• Objectives
• Smaller projects as well
• Medicine and Humanities
• Emphasize more on testbeds
• More information http//www.dli2.nsf.gov

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Digital Library Initiative - Phase 2

• Special emphasis on health-related professionals
• Variety of locations and multiple formats (print,
  image, graphics, video)
• NLM offering two resources for DLI-2
• Unified Medical Language System
• Visible Human Project

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International Activities

• Europe National and EU funding
• NSF-EU specify five working groups
• Interoperability
• Metadata
• Intellectual Property Rights
• Resource Indexing
• Multilingual Information Access
• Global connections International Federation of
  Library Associations and Institutions
• 1995 Libraries from 70 countries are connected
• 1998 Libraries from 100 countries are connected
• Challenges Connectivity Training