Dose Assessment for Population around New NPP in Belarus

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Dose Assessment for Population around New NPP in
Belarus

• EMRAS II WG1 Meeting,
• Reference Methodologies for Controlled
  Discharges
• IAEA HQ, Vienna,
• 22-24 September 2009
• Viktoryia Kliaus
• Minsk, Belarus

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Where is Belarus situated?
RUSSIA
BELARUS
POLAND
UKRAINE
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Facts about Belarus

• LOCATION - Eastern EuropeAn inland country. It
  is surrounded by Lithuania and Latvia to the
  northwest and Russia to the north and east.
  Ukraine lies to the south and southeast and
  Poland to the west
• TIME - GMT 2
• AREA - 207,595 sq km (80,153 sq miles)
• POPULATION - 9,7 million (2009)
• CAPITAL CITY - Minsk - Population 1,7 million
• CURRENCY - Belarus Rubel (BYB)
• LANGUAGE(S) - Belarussian and Russian
• RELIGION(S)Christian with an Eastern Orthodox
  and Roman Catholic majority, Jewish and Muslim
  minorities

Minsk
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The Competence of State Organizations in the Area
of Nuclear and Radiation Safety

• Approve medical standards, rules and hygienic
  norms
• Established the unified system of control and
  registration of individual doses

Department of Nuclear and Radiation safety

• Organize carrying out of the radiation monitoring
  of environment

• Licensing

According to the Law About Radiation Safety of
Population
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NPP in Belarus

• Type NPP-2006
• Reactor WWR (PWR)-1200
• General contractor Atomstroieksport (Russia)
• Possible location Ostrovets, Kukshinovo,
  Krasnaya Polyana areas
• Planned construction time 54 month
• Lifetime at 90 capacity factor expected 50
  years
• The WWR 1200 will produce 1200 MW(e) electric
  power and 3200 MW(th) heat power.

Possible location of the NPP
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NPP in Belarus

• Safety features containment building and missile
  shield
• Dose for public during normal operation 100
  µSv/year
• During normal operation such types of NPP make an
  insignificant impact on environment (radiation
  impact no more than 0,1 0,01 from background
  radiation level).

Model of the Belarusian NPP
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Regulatory limit values
Dose limits in planned exposure situations
According to the Standards of Radiation
Safety-2000
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Regulatory limit values
Values of radioactive discharges from NPP with
WWR-1000 in case of normal operation
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The Concept of Critical Group

• The critical group concept is used for the
  purpose of protection of the public in Belarus to
  characterize an individual who is representative
  of the most highly exposed individuals in the
  population (ICRP 1977, 1985)
• It is important to consider some aspects
• The location and age distribution of the
  potentially exposed group
• Dietary habits
• Special occupational habits
• The type of dwelling
• Behavior factor.

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The Concept of the Representative Person

• For the purpose of protection of the public, it
  is necessary to characterize an individual who is
  representative of the most highly exposed
  individuals in the population. This individual is
  de?ned as the representative person.
• The representative person may be hypothetical.
  Nevertheless, it is important that the habits
  used to characterize the representative person
  are typical habits of a small number of
  individuals representative of those most highly
  exposed and not the extreme habits of a single
  member of population.

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The Concept of the Representative Person
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Dose assessment process
Sum to give annual effective dose for critical
group
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Total Effective Dose

• Total Effective Dose
• ET total effective dose
• Eext effective dose from external radiation
• Einh committed effective dose from inhalation
• Eing committed effective dose from ingestion

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Effective Dose from Ingestion

• The dose from consumption of food or dirt

Eing Effective dose from ingestion, mSv ?f,i
Activity concentration in food of isotope i ,
kBq/kg Uf,i The amount of a food consumed by
the population of interest, per day CF5,i
Ingestion dose conversion, mSv/kBq DIi Days of
intake is the period food is assumed to be
consumed. If T1/2 gt 21 days use 30 days. If T1/2
lt 21 days use the mean life (?m) of the
isotope. ?1/2 Radiological half-life RF
Reduction Factor is the fraction of the
contamination remaining after decay or some
process j used to reduce the contamination before
food is released for consumption.
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Effective Dose from Ingestion
Consumption of milk, l/day
Consumption of milk products, g/day
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Effective Dose from Ingestion
Consumption of leaf vegetables, g/day
Ingestion dose conversion, mSv/kBq
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Effective Dose from Inhalation

• The effective dose from inhalation

E ing Effective dose from inhalation, mSv Cair
concentration of radionuclide in the air,
Bq/m3 DCF effective inhalation dose conversion
factor for adults, Sv/Bq BR breathing rate,
m3/h t exposure durations, h
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Effective Dose from Inhalation

• Breathing rate

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Doses from External Radiation

• Thus external exposure is possible from the
  cloud with the radionuclides which are released
  from installations, by being on radioactively
  contaminated soil or swimming in contaminated
  water
• The doses can be calculated from the activity
  concentrations in the environment by modeling and
  computation.

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Doses from External Radiation
Additional dose rate from the new NPP activity

• As planning doses levels are very low it will be
  a big uncertainties of dose assessment
• The critical group will be persons who spend a
  lot of time outside.

0,1 µSv/h
Natural dose rate
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Summary

• For dose assessment of population around new NPP
  in Belarus from internal and external exposure
  are used
• methods based on the monitoring of radiation
  situation round the NPP
• peculiarity of food consumed by the population
  round the NPP.

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Thank You for Your Attention