Module 7: Resolving NetBIOS Names by Using Windows Internet Name Service

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Module 7 Resolving NetBIOS Names by Using
Windows Internet Name Service
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Overview

• Multimedia The Role of WINS in the Network
  Infrastructure
• Installing and Configuring a WINS Server
• Managing WINS Records
• Configuring WINS Replication
• Managing the WINS Database

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Multimedia The Role of WINS in the Network
Infrastructure

• The objective of this presentation is to provide
  an overview of WINS
• At the end of this presentation, you will be
  able to
• Explain the role of WINS in the network
  infrastructure
• Describe how WINS resolves NetBIOS names
• Describe the WINS registration process
• Describe how WINS replication works

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Lesson Installing and Configuring a WINS Server

• Components of WINS
• What Is a NetBIOS Node Type?
• How a WINS Client Registers and Releases NetBIOS
  Names
• How Burst Handling Works
• How a WINS Server Resolves NetBIOS Names
• Practice Installing and Configuring a WINS Server

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Components of WINS
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What Is a NetBIOS Node Type?
A NetBIOS node type determines the method that a
computer uses to resolve a NetBIOS name
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How a WINS Client Registers and Releases NetBIOS
Names
WINS Client
WINS Server

• WINS client sends request to register
• WINS server returns registration message with TTL
  value, indicating when the registration expires

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• WINS client sends request to release name
• WINS server sends a positive name release response

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How Burst Handling Works
Burst handling allows a WINS server to handle a
high number of simultaneous name registration
requests
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How a WINS Server Resolves NetBIOS Names
Up to 3 attempts
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2
3
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Practice Installing and Configuring a WINS Server

• In this practice, you will
• Install WINS
• Configure a WINS client
• Configure burst handling

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Lesson Managing WINS Records

• Client Records
• What Is a Static Mapping?
• Methods for Filtering and Viewing Records in WINS
• Practice Managing WINS Records

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Client Records
A WINS client record includes the following
information
The service that registered the entry, including
the hexadecimal type identifier
The IP address that corresponds to the registered
name
Displays x to indicate whether the entry is
static and displays null or is blank if the
entry is not static
The WINS server from which the entry originates
The registered NetBIOS name, which can be a
unique name, or a group, internet group, or
multihomed computer
The state of the database entry, which can be
active, released, or tombstoned
A unique hexadecimal number that the WINS server
assigns during name registration
Shows when the entry will expire
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What Is a Static Mapping?
A static mapping is a manual entry in the WINS
database
Administrator enters computer name-to-IP address
entry
Non-WINS Clients
WINS Database
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Methods for Filtering and Viewing Records in WINS
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Practice Managing WINS Records

• In this practice, you will
• Display and filter WINS records
• Create a static mapping

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Lesson Configuring WINS Replication

• How WINS Replication Works
• How Push Replication Works
• How Pull Replication Works
• What Is Push/Pull Replication?
• WINS Replication Partner Properties
• Practice Configuring WINS Replication

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How WINS Replication Works
WINS replication occurs between two WINS servers
to maintain consistent WINS data
ServerB
ServerA
WINS Replication
Subnet 1
Subnet 2
Client1
Client2
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How Push Replication Works

• A push partner notifies replication partners
  based on the number of changes in its database
• Push replication maintains a high level of
  synchronization

ServerA
ServerB
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Subnet 1
Subnet 2
50 changes occur in database
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How Pull Replication Works

• A pull partner requests replication based on a
  time interval
• Pull replication limits frequency of replication
  traffic across slow links

Requests changes every 8 hours
Replicas sent
1
2
ServerA
ServerB
Subnet 1
Subnet 2
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What Is Push/Pull Replication?
Push/pull replication ensures that the databases
on multiple WINS servers are nearly identical at
any given time by

• Notifying replication partners whenever the
  database reaches a set threshold of changes
• - And -
• Requesting replication based on a set time

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WINS Replication Partner Properties
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Practice Configuring WINS Replication
In this practice, you will configure WINS
replication
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Lesson Managing the WINS Database

• Backing Up the WINS Database
• Deleting WINS Records
• Compacting the WINS Database
• How Scavenging Works
• How a WINS Database Is Checked for Consistency
• Guidelines for Decommissioning WINS
• Practice Managing the WINS Database

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Backing Up the WINS Database
You can restore the WINS database to recover
from a corrupt database
To back up a WINS database To restore a WINS
database

• Specify a backup directory
• Back up manually or configure automatic backups
  

• Stop the WINS service
• Manually delete and restore database files
  

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Deleting WINS Records
To delete obsolete records, you can update the
WINS database by

• Simple deletion. Records selected by using the
  WINS console are removed from the current local
  WINS server
• Tombstoned deletion. Records are marked for
  deletion, replicated to other WINS servers, and
  then removed during the next scavenging operation

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Compacting the WINS Database
Compacting recovers unused space in a WINS
database
Maintain WINS database integrity by using

• Dynamic compacting. Automatically occurs while
  the database is in use
• Offline compacting. Administrator stops the WINS
  server and uses the Jetpack.exe command-line tool

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How Scavenging Works
Scavenging removes extinct entries from the WINS
database
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How a WINS Database Is Checked for Consistency
Checking WINS database consistency helps maintain
database integrity among WINS servers in a large
network
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Guidelines for Decommissioning WINS
Guidelines for decommissioning a WINS server

• Reconfigure clients to use different WINS servers
• Verify your replication topology

Guidelines for eliminating WINS

• Determine whether NetBIOS name resolution is
  required
• Reconfigure client to use DNS

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Practice Managing the WINS Database

• In this practice, you will
• Back up and restore the WINS database
• Perform an offline compaction
• Configure scavenging settings
• Configure database verification