HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

1
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

• CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY

2
GREEK

• 490 BC Battle of Marathon (Greeks vs. Persians)
• 480 BC Battle of Thermopylae (Leonidas vs.
  Xerxes)
  
• 429 BC Death of Pericles (plague of Athens)
• 356-323 BC Alexander the Great

3
ROMAN

• 44 BC Death of Julius Caesar
• 14 AD Death of Augustus
• 68 AD Death of Nero
• 69 AD Conquest of Jerusalem (Titus)
• 138 AD Death of Hadrian

4
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

• CHRISTIAN SUPREMACY

5
ROMAN EMPIRE-MIDDLE AGES

• 312 Battle of the Milvian Bridge (Constantine vs.
  Massentius)
  
• 313 Edict of Milan (Constantine)
• 380 Theodosius proclaims Christendom official
  religion of the Roman Empire
  
• 452 Pope Leo I claims to have repelled Attilas
  Huns from invading Italy
  
• 476 Fall of the Roman Western Empire
• 800 Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne Emperor of
  the Holy Roman Empire
  
• 1095-1270 The Crusades
• Fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Eastern
  Roman Empire

6
RENAISSANCE - ENLIGHTENMENT

• 1492 Discovery of America
• 1498 Vasco da Gama disembarks in Calicut (India)
• 1520 Martin Luthers excommunication by Pope Leo
  X
  
• 1532 Conquest of Peru (Pizarro vs. Atahualpa)
• 1555 Peace Treaty of Augsburg (between Catholics
  and Protestants)
  
• 1571 Battle of Lepanto
• 1572 Massacre of St. Bartholomews night
• 1648 End of the Thirty Years War
• 1789 French Revolution